Comprehensive system of quantitative methods for population health/disease analyses

                                               - examples of practical application

 

 

                                                                       E   P   I   Z   O   O          

                                                                  version 4.0                        

                                                                           

                                                 Prof.Dr  Václav  K o u b a, DrSc.                      

                                                                     

                                                                        

                              EPIZOO is a software package of selected methods for          

                      animal  p o p u l a t i o n   h e a l t h   analysis  and  programming 

                 applicable on any animal species, any disease at any time and in any place

 

The methods have been tested and used in practice for animal population health and disease analyses and control programmes at local, national and international levels. The software is applicable to any species of animal kingdom, i.e. including Homo sapiens.

Detailed information on EPIZOO individual subprogramme formulae and procedures see in EPIZMETH software as well as in  internet  -www.cbox.cz/vaclavkouba/epimethodology.htm.

 

The examples’ results do not include:  introductory part (repeating input data) and graphs as it is normal when using EPIZOO software.                                                                             

 

         M A I N    M  E  N  U    OF   SUBPROGRAMME  GROUPS

 

         1-Animal population - characteristics of health importance

         2-Animal population health/disease analysis - basic indicators

         3-Selected indicators of animal population health structures

         4-Selected indicators of epizootic process dynamics

         5-Selected indicators of animal disease risk assessment

         6-Consequences of animal population health and disease

         7-Investigations of animal population health situation

         8-Methods related to sampling in population investigations

         9-Selected aspects of animal population health programmes

         10-Cost and efficiency of animal population health programmes

         11-Complementary subprogrammes - I

         12-Complementary subprogrammes - II

         13-Annex I - Selected basic statistical methods

         14-Annex II - Other selected statistical and economic methods

 

 

1-ANIMAL POPULATION - SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTH IMPORTANCE

========================================================================       

        1-Animal population size and species structure

        2-Animal population categories (strata) structure

        3-Animal population territorial distribution

        4-Breeding/production conditions influencing animals distribution

        5-Ecological conditions influencing animals distribution

        6-Selected indicators related to disease resistant animals

        7-Selected indicators related to disease susceptible animals

        8-Animal population production per animal, input, space and time

        9-Animal population dynamics - 'vertical movement'

        10-Estimation of animals number according to survival rates

        11-Estimation of number of wild animals (vertebrates+invertebrates)

        12-Estimation of animal population size based on capture/recapture

        13-Estimation of animal population size based on average density

        

 

1.1-ANIMAL POPULATIONS SIZE AND SPECIES STRUCTURE

Notes: Applicable also on the etiological agents' vectors and reservoirs.  Differentiate total and at risk populations !

INPUT DATA:

     animal populations ? domestic mammals

     place (territory, land, sector, etc.) ? Czech Republic                           time ? 1995

  List animal species , number of animals :

          1  species, animals ? cattle,1988964

          2  species, animals ? sheep,122104

          3  species, animals ? goats,33133

          4  species, animals ? horses,19000

          5  species, animals ? pigs,3804821       

RESULT:

    Species              Absolute     Proportion     Percentage

                                Number

    cattle                  1988964          0.3333            33.3270

    sheep                   122104          0.0205              2.0460

    goats                      33133          0.0056             0.5552

    horses                    19000          0.0032             0.3184

    pigs                    3804821          0.6375            63.7535

    T o t a l              5968022          1.000000      100.0000

 

1.2-ANIMAL POPULATION CATEGORIES (STRATA) STRUCTURE

(according to breed, age, gender, weight, physiological stage, nutrition status, immunity status, performance, type/level of productivity, type of breeding, type of exploitation, production stage, technology, concentration)

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic, end of 1993

     species ? cattle                             category according to ? age and sex

     List data:  name of subgroup, number of animals :

          1 : ? cows,830000

          2 : ? heifers >2 years,109000

          3 : ? heifers 1-2 years,294000

          4 : ? bulls >1 year,237000

          5 : ? young 6-12 m.,297000

          6 : ? calves <6 m.,392000                                                   

RESULT:

    Category                 Number of      Proportion    Percentage

    Subgroup                 Animals

    cows                           830000          0.384437         38.4437

    heifers >2 years        109000          0.050486           5.0486

    heifers 1-2 years       294000          0.136174         13.6174

    bulls >1 year             237000          0.109773         10.9773

    young 6-12 m.           297000          0.137564         13.7564

    calves <6 m.              392000          0.181566         18.1566

    T o t a l                     2159000         1.000000        100.0000

 

1.3-ANIMAL POPULATION TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION

     This subprogramme calculates:   1) animal population - territorial density and distribution

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic, 1.3.1995

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     space measure unit  ? km2

  List data::

   1   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? Central Bohemia, 11490,270000

   2   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? South Bohemia,11345,328000

   3   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? West Bohemia,10875,244000

   4   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? North Bohemia,7819,119000

   5   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? East Bohemia,11240,399000

   6   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? South Moravia,15028,416000

   7   subterritory, s i z e, animals ? North Moravia,11067,254000

RESULT :

 Subterritory            km2       Number of        Average    Proportion  Percentage

                                                 Animals            Density

 Central Bohemia   11490      270000                23.50          0.133005      13.3005

 South Bohemia     11345      328000                28.91          0.161576      16.1576

 West Bohemia      10875      244000                22.44          0.120197      12.0197

 North Bohemia       7819      119000                15.22          0.058621        5.8621

 East Bohemia        11240      399000                35.50          0.196552     19.6552

 South Moravia     15028      416000                27.68          0.204926      20.4926

 North Moravia     11067      254000                22.95          0.125123      12.5123

 T o t a l                  78864    2030000                25.74          1.000000    100.0000

                                            

1.3-ANIMAL POPULATION TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION

     This subprogramme calculates:   2) farms - average number of animals and territorial distribution

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic, 1.1.1964

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all                  farm type ? all

  List data :

   1   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? Cent.Bohemia,2600,350608

   2   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? South Bohemia,1474,383325

   3   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? West Bohemia,916,174325

   4   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? North Bohemia,562,112426

   5   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? East Bohemia,2853,382812

   6   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? South Moravia,1831,464124

   7   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? North Moravia,2498,250318

RESULT:

Subterritory          Farms      Number of        Average    Proportion   Percentage

                                                Animals            Number       (from  a l l   farms)

 Cent.Bohemia       2600        350608            134.85             0.204178     20.4178

 South Bohemia     1474        383325            260.06             0.115753     11.5753

 West Bohemia        916        174325            190.31             0.071933       7.1933

 North Bohemia       562        112426            200.05             0.044134       4.4134

 East Bohemia       2853         382812            134.18             0.224046     22.4046

 South Moravia     1831        464124            253.48             0.143788      14.3788

 North Moravia     2498        250318            100.21             0.196168      19.6168

 T o t a l                12734      2117938            166.32             1.000000    100.0000

 

1.3-ANIMAL POPULATION TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION

     This subprogramme calculates:    3) animal population - simple territorial distribution

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic,1.1.1980

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all                           farm type ? all according to size

  List data :

   1   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? <0.5 ha,103840,143247

   2   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 0.5-50 ha,23354,73413

   3   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 50-500 ha,95,23338

   4   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 500-1000 ha,135,80193

   5   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 1000-2500 ha,984,1388980

   6   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 2500-4000 ha,556,295262

   7   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? 4000-6000 ha,256,901035

   8   subterritory, number of  f a r m s, animals ? >6000 ha,144,970710

RESULT:

    F A R M S:  AVERAGE NUMBER OF ANIMALS  AND TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION

 Subterritory           Farms           Number of        Average     Proportion    Percentage

                                                        Animals           Number         (from  a l l   farms)

 <0.5 ha                   103840            143247                1.38            0.802696          80.2696

 0.5-50 ha                 23354              73413                3.14             0.180529          18.0529

 50-500 ha                      95              23338            245.66             0.000734            0.0734

 500-1000 ha                135              80193            594.02             0.001044            0.1044

 1000-2500 ha              984          1388980          1411.57             0.007606            0.7606

 2500-4000 ha              556            295262            531.05             0.004298            0.4298

 4000-6000 ha              256            901035           3519.67            0.001979            0.1979

 >6000 ha                     144            970710           6741.04            0.001113            0.1113

 T o t a l                  129364          3876178              29.96            1.000000        100.0000

 

1.3-ANIMAL POPULATION TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION

     This subprogramme calculates:   3) animal population - simple territorial distribution

  INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? world,1995

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

    List data:

   1   subterritory, number of animals ? Africa,196393000

   2   subterritory, number of animals ? N.C.America,164635000

   3   subterritory, number of animals ? S.America,288831000

   4   subterritory, number of animals ? Asia,425761000

   5   subterritory, number of animals ? Europe,106469000

   6   subterritory, number of animals ? Oceania,35706000

RESULT:

 Subterritory                Number of           Proportion        Percentage

                                       Animals

 Africa                        196393000             0.161269            16.1269

 N.C.America             164635000             0.135191            13.5191

 S.America                 288831000             0.237175             23.7175

 Asia                           425761000             0.349616            34.9616

 Europe                      106469000             0.087428               8.7428

 Oceania                      35706000              0.029320              2.9320

 T o t a l                   1217795000             1.000000           100.0000

                                     

1.4-BREEDING/PRODUCTION CONDITIONS INFLUENCING ANIMALS DISTRIBUTION

(animal breeding/production exploitation, technology, concentration, housing, herd/flock/farm size, management, economic sector, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic,1972

     type of breeding/production conditions ? genetically controlled cows

     criterion for subgrouping ? milk yield per lactation period

     conditions measure units  ? milking cows

  List data: name of subgroup, number of measure units:

          1 : ? 2700-3499 lit,141354

          2 : ? 3500-3999 lit,62193

          3 : ? 4000-4999 lit,31635

          4 : ? >5000 lit,6257

RESULT:

    Subgroup               milking cows     Proportion   Percentage

    2700-3499 lit                141354            0.585465      58.5465

    3500-3999 lit                  62193            0.257593      25.7593

    4000-4999 lit                  31635            0.131027      13.1027

    >5000 lit                           6257            0.025915        2.5915

    T o t a l                        241439            1.000000     100.0000

 

1.5-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS INFLUENCING ANIMALS DISTRIBUTION

[atmospherical, geospherical, hydrospherical and biospherical (flora,fauna) factors, hygiene, etc.]

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic,31.12.1994

     type of ecological conditions ? land use                      criterion for subgrouping ? type of land

     ecological conditions measure units? ha

 List data: name of subgroup, number of measure units:

               1 : ? arable land,3158000

               2 : ? meadows,620000

               3 : ? pastures,266000

               4 : ? forest,2630000

               5 : ? other,1003000

RESULT:

    Subgroup                      ha             Proportion    Percentage

    arable land               3158000           0.411359       41.1359

    meadows                   620000           0.080761          8.0761

    pastures                    266000           0.034649          3.4649

    forest                       2630000           0.342582        34.2582

    other                        1003000           0.130650        13.0650

    T o t a l                    7677000           1.000000      100.0000

 

 1.6-SELECTED INDICATORS RELATED TO DISEASE RESISTANT ANIMALS

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     type/form of population resistance ? against IBR/IPV (vaccinated)

     place ? Czech Republic

     Do you want to calculate point prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? m

     time-moment ? 1995

     total number of animals existing at the given moment        ? 1988964

     number of resistant animals existing at the given moment    ? 100040

RESULT:

     Point prevalence rate of resistant animals        =   0.0503   =   5.0298  %

                                            

1.6-SELECTED INDICATORS RELATED TO DISEASE RESISTANT ANIMALS

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,all

     type/form of population resistance ? against hog cholera (vaccinated)

     place ? Ranch G.

     Do you want to calculate point prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 2003

     total number of animals existing  at the beginning of the period                ? 1100

     total number of animals existing in the period         ? 1500

     average number of animals in the period                ? 1250

     number of resistant animals existing  at the beginning of the period            ? 450

     number of resistant animals existing in the period   ? 670

     average number of resistant animals in the period   ? 550

     number of new resistant animals in the period         ? 240

     number of extinct resistant animals (dead+slaughtered+removed+with immunity end) in the period         ? 210

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of resistant animals          =   0.4091

     Period prevalence rate of resistant animals                   =   0.4467

     Average prevalence rate of resistant animals               =   0.4400

     Incidence rate of resistant animals to existing total     =   0.1600

     Incidence rate of resistant animals to average total     =   0.1920

     Incidence rate of resistant animals to initial total         =   0.2182

     Extinction rate of resistant animals to existing total     =   0.1400

     Extinction rate of resistant animals to average total     =   0.1680

     Extinction rate of resistant animals to initial total         =   0.1909

                                                 

1.7-SELECTED INDICATORS RELATED TO DISEASE SUSCEPTIBLE ANIMALS

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     type of population susceptibility ? to IBR/IPV

     place ? Czech Republic

     Do you want to calculate point prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? m

     time-moment ? end 1955

     total number of animals existing at the given moment           ? 1988964

     number of susceptible animals existing at the given moment ? 1888924

RESULT:

     Point prevalence rate of susceptible animals       =   0.9497  =  94.9702  %

                                             

1.7-SELECTED INDICATORS RELATED TO DISEASE SUSCEPTIBLE ANIMALS

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     type of population susceptibility ? to IBR/IPV

     place ? Ranch B.

     Do you want to calculate point prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 2003

     total number of animals existing at the beginning of the period        ? 4500

     total number of animals existing in the period             ? 6700

     average number of animals in the period                    ? 5200

     number of susceptible animals existing at the beginning of the period        ? 3500

     number of susceptible animals existing in the period   ? 4300

     average number of susceptible animals in the period  ? 3900

     number of new susceptible animals in the period        ? 1200

     number of extinct susceptible animals (dead+slaughtered+removed+immunized) in the period ? 1500

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of susceptible animals       =   0.7778

     Period prevalence rate of susceptible animals                =   0.6418

     Average prevalence rate of susceptible animals            =   0.7500

     Incidence rate of susceptible animals to existing total  =   0.1791

     Incidence rate of susceptible animals to average total  =   0.2308

     Incidence rate of susceptible animals to initial total      =   0.2667

     Extinction rate of susceptible animals to existing total  =   0.2239

     Extinction rate of susceptible animals to average total  =   0.2885

     Extinction rate of susceptible animals to initial total      =   0.3333

 

1.8-ANIMAL POPULATION AVERAGE PRODUCTION PER ANIMAL, INPUT, SPACE AND TIME

     This subprogramme calculates average animal production per:    1) animal

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech republic,1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     total number of animals ? 768000

 List data, values  in measure units:

 1  product, measure units, total quantity ? milk,liters,3134000000

RESULT:

     Product            Measure        Quantity              Average

                                Units                                         per Animal

 1    milk                   liters         3134000000             4080.7292

 

 1.8-ANIMAL POPULATION AVERAGE PRODUCTION PER ANIMAL, INPUT, SPACE AND TIME

     This subprogramme calculates average animal production per:   2) input

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Ranch F.,2003

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,feedlots

     animal product ? meat

     product measure units ? kg

     total quantity of product                    ? 112000

List data, values  in measure units:

 1  input type, input units, input value ? forage mixture,kg,350000

 2  input type, input units, input value ? money,dollars,415000

RESULT:

     Input                  Input            Input                Average kg

                                 Unit           Quantity             per Input Unit

 1   forage mixture     kg             350000                 0.3200

 2   money              dollars         415000                 0.2699

                                                

1.8-ANIMAL POPULATION AVERAGE PRODUCTION PER ANIMAL, INPUT, SPACE AND TIME

     This subprogramme calculates average animal production per:     3) space       

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1985

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     animal product ? milk                           product measure units ? liters

     space measure units  ? 100 ha

   List data, values in measure units:

 1  place, size, total product quantity ? Cent.Bohemia,109940,711000000

 2  place, size, total product quantity ? South Bohemia,113450,634000000

 3  place, size, total product quantity ? West Bohemia,108750,522000000

 4  place, size, total product quantity ? North Bohemia,78190,315000000

 5  place, size, total product quantity ? East Bohemia,112400,884000000

 6  place, size, total product quantity ? South Moravia,150280,1007000000

 7  place, size, total product quantity ? North Moravia,110670,626000000

RESULT:

  Place                      Size          Quantity         Average liters

                                 100 ha      of Product         per 100 ha     Proportion       %

  Cent.Bohemia      109940      711000000          6467.16         0.1513          15.1309

  South Bohemia    113450      634000000          5588.36         0.1349          13.4922

  West Bohemia     108750      522000000          4800.00         0.1111          11.1087

  North Bohemia      78190      315000000          4028.65         0.0670            6.7036

  East Bohemia       112400      884000000          7864.77         0.1881          18.8125

  South Moravia     150280   1007000000          6700.83         0.2143          21.4301

  North Moravia     110670     626000000          5656.46         0.1332          13.3220

  T o t a l                  783680   4699000000          5996.07         1.0000        100.0000

 

1.8-ANIMAL POPULATION AVERAGE PRODUCTION PER ANIMAL, INPUT, SPACE AND TIME

     This subprogramme calculates average animal production per:   4) time

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1989-1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     animal product ? milk                    product measure units ? mil.lit

     time measure units ? year

List data, values  in measure units:

 1  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1989,1,4893

 2  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1990,1,4802

 3  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1991,1,4125

 4  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1992,1,3699

 5  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1993,1,3350

 6  subperiod, duration, total product quantity ? 1994,1,3134

RESULT:

  Superiod    Duration  Quantity     Average mil.lit

                      year        of Product        per year         Proportion        %

  1989              1                 4893             4893.00             0.2038         20.3850

  1990              1                 4802             4802.00             0.2001         20.0058

  1991              1                 4125             4125.00             0.1719         17.1854

  1992              1                 3699             3699.00             0.1541         15.4106

  1993              1                 3350             3350.00             0.1396         13.9566

  1994              1                 3134             3134.00             0.1306         13.0567

  T o t a l         6               24003            4000.50              1.0000      100.0000

                                                

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :  1) combination of numbers of existing, new and extinct animals

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Czech republic,1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

Question about indicator to be calculated to be left without the answer ! The other  t h r e e  data must be given !

     number of animals existing at the beginning of the period            ? 2161000

     number of  n e w  born and introduced animals in the period       ? 669838

     number of  e x t i n c t (dead+slaughtered+removed) animals  in the period ?

     number of animals existing at the  e n d  of the period                   ? 2030000

RESULT:

    Number of extinct animals in the period                  =  800838

    Number of animals existing in the period              =  2830838

 

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :  2) animal population replacement (restocking) rates

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Czech Republic,1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     number of animals existing at the beginning of the period     ? 2161000

     number of  n e w  born animals in the period                            ? 655000

     number of animals introduced in the period                             ? 14282

     number of animals existing in the period                                   ? 2830838

     average number of animals existing in the period                    ? 2095500

     duration (in days) of one population reproduction cycle      ? 1200

RESULT:

      Replacement (restocking) rate to initial number of animals        =  0.3097

      Replacement (restocking) rate to existing number of animals    =  0.2364

      Replacement (restocking) rate to average number of animals    =  0.3194

      Annual proportion of reproduction cycle                                     =  0.3042

 

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :   3) estimate of number of animals  w i t h i n  one regular generation cycle

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Farm B.,2003

     species, category(ies) ? poultry,hen

     number of animals at the beginning of the period                                                             ? 12100

     duration (in days) of one regular generation (replacement) cycle                                   ? 420

     duration (in days) between the initial and evaluated days  w i t h i n  the generation cycle  ? 90

RESULT:

   Estimated number of animals existing at the beginning  and still remaining +/  at the evaluated day       =   9507

   +/ If not removed prematurely and in absence of migration.

                                     

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :  4) estimate of number of animals  w i t h i n  one regular  c o n t i n u i n g  production/breeding cycle

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Ranch D.,2004

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,feedlots

     number of animals at the beginning of the period              ? 23500

     duration (in days) of one regular  c o n t i n u i n g  production/breeding (replacement) cycle     ? 360

     duration (in days) between the initial and evaluated  days  w i t h i n  the production/breeding cycle      ? 270

RESULT:

  Estimated number of animals existing at the beginning and still remaining +/  at the evaluated day           =   5875

    +/ If not removed prematurely and in absence of migration.

 

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :   5) addition and withdrawal rates of animal population (applicable also on import/export of animals)

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Czech Republic,1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     total number of animals existing at the beginning of the period    ? 2161000

     total number of animals existing in the period                        ? 2830838

     average number of animals existing in the period                   ? 2095500

     number of new (born+introduced) animals in the period        ? 669838

     number of extinct animals (dead+slaughtered+removed)  in the period   ? 800838

RESULT:

       Addition rate of animals to existing total                     =   0.2366

       Addition rate of animals to average total                     =   0.3197

       Addition rate of animals to initial total                         =   0.3100

       Withdrawal rate of animals to existing total                =   0.2829

       Withdrawal rate of animals to average total                =   0.3822

       Withdrawal rate of animals to initial total                    =   0.3706

       Balance between additions and withdrawals              =  -131000

       Ratio of animal population additions/withdrawals     =   0.8364

       Ratio of animal population withdrawals/additions     =   1.1956

                                                  

1.9-ANIMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS - 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT'

  This subprogramme calculates :    6) simple model of animal population growth

INPUT DATA

     place, time-period ? Czech Republic,1989-1994

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     number of animals at the beginning of the period            ? 3506000

List data: subperiod, supposed number of new (born+introduced) animals, supposed number of extinct (dead+slaughtered+removed) animals

          1 : ? 1989,1143000,1289000

          2 : ? 1990,1084000,1494000

          3 : ? 1991,934000,1372000

          4 : ? 1992,800000,1151000

          5 : ? 1993,689000,820000

          6 : ? 1994,655000,696000

RESULT:

     SIMPLE  MODEL  FOR  A N I M A L   P O P U L A T I O N   G R O W T H

       Subperiod           New               Extinct             FINAL

 1     1989                1143000         1289000         3360000

 2     1990                1084000         1494000         2950000

 3     1991                934000           1372000         2512000

 4     1992                800000           1151000         2161000

 5     1993                689000             820000         2030000

 6     1994                655000             696000         1989000

      

1.10-ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF ANIMALS ACCORDING TO SURVIVAL RATES   (after a series of subperiods and in absence of migration)

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Ranch F.,2004

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,<1 year age

     total number of animals at the beginning ? 820

  List of data :  name of subperiod, coefficient of survival  probability in form of proportion  :

              subperiod  No 1 ? <3 months,0.93

              subperiod  No 2 ? 3-6 months,0.95

              subperiod  No 3 ? 6-9 months,0.97

              subperiod  No 4 ? 9-12 months,0.99

RESULT:

    From the initial  820 animals after  4  subperiods   it can be estimated about   696 surviving animals.

        Subperiod               Survival      Cumulative     Animals

                                            Rate          Survival          at the End

                                                                Rate              of Subperiod

 1     <3 months                0.9300        0.9300                  763

 2     3-6 months               0.9500        0.8835                  724

 3     6-9 months               0.9700        0.8570                  703

 4     9-12 months             0.9900        0.8484                  696

 

1.11-ESTIMATES OF THE NUMBER OF WILD ANIMALS (VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES)  (rough estimates based on territory population samples investigations)

INPUT DATA:

     animal species ? antelopes

     place (territory), time ? Mongolia,1964

     surface measure units ? km2

     total territory in surface measure units     ? 1200000

   List data: subterritory names, total size  surface units, investigated surface size, number of found animals:

        1 . subterritory:  ? Somon Y.,2500,250,390

        2 . subterritory:  ? Somon O.,5500,340,280

        3 . subterritory:  ? Somon P.,2700,170,170

        4 . subterritory:  ? Somon Z.,5800,450,1700

        5 . subterritory:  ? Somon T.,2400,120,22

RESULT:

                        S u r f a c e  in km2                          A    n    i    m    a    l    s

 Selected     ------------------------------------          -----------------------------------------------

 Represent.    Total     Investi-   Territory          Found     Average   Estimate    Propor-

 Sub-                              gated      Propor-                               per           of Total        tion

 territory                                         tion                                    km2

 Somon Y.        2500       250       0.1000                 390            1.6            3900            0.1165

 Somon O.        5500      340       0.0618                  280            0.8            4529            0.1353

 Somon P.         2700      170       0.0630                 170            1.0             2700            0.0806

 Somon Z.         5800      450       0.0776               1700            3.8           21911            0.6544

 Somon T.         2400      120       0.0500                   22            0.2              440             0.0131

 T O T A L      18900    1330       0.0704               2562            1.9           33481            1.0000

 

If this average per km2  is applied on the total territory of 1200000 km2 then it can be estimated about  2311579  animals (antelopes) living there.

Do you want to estimate the number of specific disease agents  reservoirs among the animals of the above species, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

ADDITIONAL INPUT DATA:

specific disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

estimated percentage of animals reservoirs (vectors) ? 3

If the estimated percentage is applied on the total territory, then it can be roughly estimated about  69347 antelopes - reservoirs (carriers)

                                                                                                                                                                                                       of foot-and-mouth disease agents living there.

 

1.12-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON CAPTURE/RECAPTURE       in the absence of migration                                  (Ref.: Cannon,Roe)

(This capture-recapture sampling scheme is applicable on feral animals or where mustering is difficult. )

INPUT DATA:

     species ? wold board

     place (territory), time ? District C.,2003-2004

     total number of captured-marked and released animals         ? 120

     total number of animals captured  a f t e r   a   t i m e  suitable to allow for mixing of the population,  but which would preclude many deaths/births    ? 130

     number of recaptured animals of the original capture            ? 110

RESULT:

     Very rough estimation of the population size = about  142 animals

 

1.13-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON AVERAGE DENSITY

    This subprogramme calculates animal population size for:  1) multiform territory knowing the surface size

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic,1995

     species ? cattle                    surface measure unit ? km2

     average density of animals per one surface measure unit ? 25.74

     total territory size in surface measure units           ? 78864

RESULT:

    Rough estimation of the population size  =   2029959  animals

 

1.13-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON AVERAGE DENSITY

    This subprogramme calculates animal population size for:  2) circular territory knowing the radius

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic,1.3.1995

     species ? cattle                      surface measure unit ? km2

     average density of animals per one surface measure unit ? 25.74

     length measure units? km                      radius in length measure units ? 20

RESULT:

     Rough estimation of the population size  =   32346  animals

 

1.13-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON AVERAGE DENSITY

    This subprogramme calculates animal population size for:  3) square territory knowing the side length

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Czech Republic,1.1.2003

     species ? cattle                         surface measure unit ? km2

     average density of animals per one surface measure unit ? 21.45

     length measure units ? km                  length of square side in length measure units  ? 20

RESULT:

     Territory size                                                     =   400 km2

     Rough estimation of the population size      =   8580  animals

 

1.13-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON AVERAGE DENSITY

    This subprogramme calculates animal population size for:    4) oblong territory knowing the length and width

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? County C.,1.1.2004

     species ? cattle                           surface measure unit ? km2

     average density of animals per one surface measure unit ? 16.8

     length measure units  ? km                    oblong length in measure units  ? 45                  oblong width in measure units    ? 21

RESULT:

     Territory size                                                 =   945 km2

     Rough estimation of the population size  =   15876  animals

 

1.13-ESTIMATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION SIZE BASED ON AVERAGE DENSITY

    This subprogramme calculates animal population size for:    5) volume space knowing the length, width and depth (height)

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Pond L.,1.7.2004

     species ? carp

     volume measure unit ? m3                    average density of animals per one volume measure unit ? 0.2

     length measure units  ? m                  length in measure units ? 450                    width in measure units ? 120

     depth (height) in measure units                                         ? 4

RESULT:

     Volume size                                                 =   216000 m3

     Rough estimation of the population size  =   43200 animals

 

 

 

2-ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH/DISEASE ANALYSIS - BASIC  INDICATORS

 =================================================================

      1-General indicators for animal population health analysis

      2-Indicators of presence/absence of animal health phenomena

      3-Selected indicators of animal population health (disease free)

      4-Selected indicators of animal population morbidity

      5-Selected indicators of animal population viability (survival)

      6-Selected indicators of animal population mortality

      7-Selected indicators of animal disease nidality (focality)

      8-Selected indicators of animal disease territorial distribution

      9-Human/animal populations and zoonoses

 

Recommendation: small resulting values of the indicators to be multiplied by 100 (per 100 basic units), by 1000 (per 1000 basic units), etc.

 

2.1-GENERAL INDICATORS FOR ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH ANALYSIS

INPUT DATA:

basic units (animals - total, at  r i s k; herds, flocks, farms, space units,  territory units, product units and other epi. risk units) ? cattle

epi. units (basic units with health related characteristic (e.g. disease free, diseased, pathogen carriers, etc.)  or events ? affected by brucellosis

     place ? Czech Republic

Do you want to calculate point(moment) prevalence at a given moment (m) or indicators related to a given period (p) ? m

     time-moment ? 1.January 1961

     total number of basic units existing at the given moment ? 3030000

                number of epi. units existing at the given moment ? 3321

RESULT:

         Point prevalence rate of epi. units   =     0.0011    =     0.1096  %

                                             

2.1-GENERAL INDICATORS FOR ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH ANALYSIS

INPUT DATA:

basic units (animals - total, at  r i s k; herds, flocks, farms, space units, territory units, product units and other epi. risk units) ? cattle

epi. units (basic units with health related characteristic (e.g. disease free, diseased, pathogen carriers, etc.)  or events ? affected by brucellosis

     place ? Czech Republic

Do you want to calculate point(moment) prevalence at a given moment (m) or indicators related to a given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 1961

     number of basic units existing at the beginning of the period             ? 3030000

     number of basic units existing in the period                  ? 4204320

     average number of basic units in the period                  ? 3081000

     number of epi. units at the beginning of the period      ? 33211

     number of epi. units existing in the period                     ? 35008

     average number of epi. units in the period                     ? 34933

     number of new epi. units in the period                            ? 1797

     number of extinct epi. units in the period                        ? 1648

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of epi. units              =   0.0110

     Period (interval) prevalence rate of epi. units      =   0.0083

     Average prevalence rate of epi. units                   =   0.0113

     Incidence rate of epi. units to existing total         =   0.0004

     Incidence rate of epi. units to average total         =   0.0006

     Incidence rate of epi. units to initial total             =   0.0006

     Extinction rate of epi. units to existing total         =   0.0004

     Extinction rate of epi. units to average total        =   0.0005

     Extinction rate of epi. units to initial total             =   0.0005

Note: To get values per 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, etc. basic units, resulting data in form of proportion to be multiplied by 100, 1000,... etc.

 

2.2-SELECTED INDICATORS OF PRESENCE/ABSENCE DURATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION   HEALTH PHENOMENON

    This subprogramme calculates:   1) animal health phenomenon (disease, measure, environment factor, etc.) presence/absence relation

INPUT DATA:

     animal health phenomenon              ? foot-and-mouth disease

     place                                                  ? Region U.                    period    ? 1999-2000

     time measure units                            ? days

     total duration of  p r e s e n c e  of animal health phenomenon    ? 145

     total duration of  a b s e n c e  of animal health phenomenon      ? 560

     number of periods of  p r e s e n c e  of animal health phenomenon ? 4

     number of periods of  a b s e n c e  of animal health phenomenon   ? 5

RESULT:

Time measure units: days               Total duration:  705

    Average duration of presence of the phenomenon        =    36.25

    Average duration of absence of the phenomenon          =   112.00

    Time proportion of presence of the phenomenon           =   0.2057

    Time proportion of absence of the phenomenon            =   0.7943

    Ratio of periods with/without the phenomenon              =   0.2589

    Ratio of periods without/with the phenomenon              =   3.8621

 

2.2-SELECTED INDICATORS OF PRESENCE/ABSENCE DURATION OF ANIMAL POPULATION   HEALTH PHENOMENON

    This subprogramme calculates:  2) disease persistence (endemism) index - according to Dr Astudillo

INPUT DATA:

     There is a need for data on chronological series of disease presence  and absence durations during several years measured in months.

     disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

     space, period ? Region X. in Brasil, 1975-1982

number  of dif. durations of disease  p r e s e n c e  periods ? 8

number  of dif. durations of disease  a b s e n c e  periods   ? 7

     1 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 1,2

     2 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 2,2

     3 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 3,2

     4 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 5,1

     5 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 8,1

     6 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 10,2

     7 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 13,1

     8 : duration of  p r e s e n c e  (in months), frequency ? 15,1

     1 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 1,5

     2 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 2,1

     3 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 6,2

     4 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 7,1

     5 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 8,1

     6 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 23,1

     7 : duration of  a b s e n c e  (in months), frequency   ? 26,1

RESULT:

         Total number of months:  156

              Disease presence omega               =    0.1644

              Disease absence omega                =    0.1446

              Sum of presence and absence omegas   =    0.3090

              Disease persistence index  (endemism index)      =    0.4679  =   46.7949  %

 

2.3-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH

related to  d i s e a s e   f r e e   animals: healthy, unaffected, pathogen free, non diseased; (salubrity, healthiness, wholesomeness, wellness, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of animal population health  (general - crude or particular - cause/attribute specific) ? tuberculin negative

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place ? Czech Republic

Do you want to calculate point(moment) prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? m

     time-moment (point in time) ? 1.1.1960

     total number of animals existing at the given moment    ? 2987000

     number of healthy animals existing at the given moment  ? 2358824

RESULT:

    Point prevalence rate of healthy animals  =   0.7897  =  78.97 %

 

2.3-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH

related to  d i s e a s e   f r e e   animals: healthy, unaffected, pathogen free, non diseased; (salubrity, healthiness, wholesomeness, wellness, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of animal population health

     (general - crude or particular - cause/attribute specific) ? tuberculin negative

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place ? Czech republic

Do you want to calculate point(moment) prevalence at a given moment (m)  or indicators related to a given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 1960

     total number of animals at the beginning of the period    ? 2987000

     total number of animals existing in the period            ? 4161320

     average number of animals in the period                   ? 3008500

     number of healthy animals at the beginning of the period  ? 2358824

     number of healthy animals existing in the period          ? 3287427

     average number of healthy animals in the period           ? 2365493

     number of new healthy animals in the period               ? 928603

     number of extinct healthy animals (slaughtered, removed, diseased)  in the period  ? 921934

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of healthy animals             = 0.7897

     Period prevalence rate of healthy animals                      = 0.7900

     Average prevalence rate of healthy animals                  = 0.7863

     Incidence rate of healthy animals to existing total        = 0.2232

     Incidence rate of healthy animals to average total        = 0.3087

     Incidence rate of healthy animals to initial total            = 0.3109

     Extinction rate of healthy animals to existing total        = 0.2215

     Extinction rate of healthy animals to average total        = 0.3064

     Extinction rate of healthy animals to initial total            = 0.3086

 

Do you want to calculate the relations of the numbers of healthy animals  to those with other epi. characteristics, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

INPUT DATA

     time? 1960

     number of healthy animals at the given time      ? 2987000

     number of diseased animals at the given time     ? 630838

     number of intrafocal animals at the given time   ?

     number of animals at risk at the given time      ?

     number of resistant animals at the given time    ?

     number of susceptible animals at the given time  ?

     number of investigated animals at the given time ? 2769776

RESULT:

     Ratio of healthy animals per diseased one          =     4.7350

     Ratio of diseased animals per healthy one          =     0.2112

     Ratio of healthy animals per investigated one      =     1.0784

     Ratio of investigated animals per healthy one      =     0.9273

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      1) total population point prevalence rate at a given moment

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific; apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time-moment ? Czech Republic,1.1.1960

     total number of animals existing at the given moment        ? 2987000

     number of diseased animals existing at the given moment     ? 628276

     number of diseased animals with clinical symptoms existing at the given moment    ? 0

RESULT:

Point prevalence rate of diseased animals                =   0.2103   =  21.0337 %

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      2) total population morbidity related to a given period

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific;  apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time-period ? Czech Republic,1960

     total number of animals existing  at the beginning of the period          ? 2987000

     total number of animals existing in the period              ? 4161320

     average total number of animals existing in the period      ? 3008500

     number of diseased animals at the beginning of the period   ? 628276

     number of diseased animals existing in the period           ? 753558

     average number of diseased animals in the period            ? 629557

     number of new diseased animals in the  period               ? 125282

     number of extinct diseased animals   (dead+slaughtered+removed+recovered) in the period   ? 124001

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of diseased animals         =   0.2103

     Period prevalence rate of diseased animals                  =   0.1811

     Average prevalence rate of diseased animals              =   0.2093

 

     Incidence rate of diseased animals to existing total    =   0.0301

     Incidence rate of diseased animals to average total    =   0.0416

     Incidence rate of diseased animals to initial total        =   0.0419

 

     Extinction rate of diseased animals to existing total    =   0.0298

     Extinction rate of diseased animals to average total    =   0.0412

     Extinction rate of diseased animals to initial total        =   0.0415

 

Do you want to calculate the relations of the numbers of diseased animals   to those with other epi. characteristics, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

INPUT DATA:

     given time ? 1.1.1960

     number of diseased animals at the given time     ? 628276

     number of healthy animals at the given time      ? 2358824

     number of intrafocal animals at the given time   ? 520333

     number of animals at risk at the given time      ? 288426

     number of investigated animals at the given time ? 2769776

RESULT:

     Ratio of diseased/healthy animals            =     0.2664

     Ratio of healthy/diseased animals            =     3.7544

     Ratio of diseased/intrafocal animals         =     1.2074

     Ratio of intrafocal/diseased animals         =     0.8282

     Ratio of diseased/at risk animals               =     2.1783

     Ratio of at risk/diseased animals               =     0.4591

     Ratio of diseased/investigated animals    =     0.2268

     Ratio of investigated/diseased animals    =     4.4085

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      3) specific transmissible disease attack rates (intrafocal incidence)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific;  apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? FMD-all true

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time (period of the epizootic) ? Czechoslovakia in 17 foci,1957-1960

     definition of epizootic initial stage ? up to first vet. measures

     t o t a l  number of  a n i m a l s  at specific risk   at the  b e g i n n i n g  of intrafocal exposure      ? 2089

     t o t a l  number of animals that develop  d i s e a s e  during total period of specific epizootics             ? 1076

     diseased in  i n i t i a l  stage (<total diseased)         ? 125

RESULT

      Specific disease attack rate (case rate)       =   0.5151   =  51.5079  %

     Specific disease initial stage attack rate     =   0.0598   =   5.9837  %

     Specific disease post-initial stage attack rate  (secondary attack rate) =   0.4552  =  45.5242  %

     Proportion of initial stage attack rate        =   0.1162   =  11.6171  %

     Proportion of post-initial stage attack rate   =   0.8838  =  88.3829  %

     Ratio initial/post-initial stage attack rates  =   1 :  7.6080

     Ratio post-initial/initial stage attack rates  =   1 :  0.1314

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      4) proportional specific disease morbidity rate

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific;   apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? mastitis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,milking cows

     place, time (moment or period) ? Ranch U.,1 June 2004

     number of all diseased animals at a given time              ? 450

     number of animals diseased due to specific cause(s) only  at a given time  ? 78

RESULT:

     Proportional specific disease morbidity rate   =   0.1733   =  17.3333  %

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      5) morbidity indicators related to animals at risk (exposed)

 INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific;   apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? hog cholera

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,all

     place ? Region B.

   Do you want to evaluate point prevalence at a given moment (m) or indicators related to a given period (p) ? p

     period ? 2004

    total number of animals at risk existing  at the beginning of the period  ? 23000

    total number of animals at risk existing in the period           ? 32000

    average number of animals at risk existing in the period         ? 27500

    number of diseased animals at risk at beginning of the period    ? 120

    number of diseased animals at risk existing in the period        ? 3200

    average number of diseased animals at risk in the period         ? 1800

    number of new diseased animals at risk in the  period            ? 3000

    number of extinct (dead+slaughtered+removed+recovered)  diseased animals at risk in the period      ? 3320

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of diseased animals at risk     =  0.0052

     Period prevalence rate of diseased animals at risk            =  0.1000

     Average prevalence rate of diseased animals at risk           =  0.0655

 

     Incidence rate of diseased animals at risk to existing total  =  0.0938

     Incidence rate of diseased animals at risk to average total   =  0.1091

     Incidence rate of diseased animals at risk to initial total   =  0.1304

 

     Extinction rate of diseased animals at risk to existing total =  0.1038

     Extinction rate of diseased animals at risk to average total  =  0.1207

     Extinction rate of diseased animals at risk to initial total  =  0.1443

 

2.4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORBIDITY

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to diseased animals (unhealthy, affected, infected, invaded, pathogen carriers), clinical cases, etc. :

      6) animal-time incidence rate

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)-type/form (general - crude or cause/attribute-specific;  apparent, true, reported, etc.) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time-period ? Skrivany-Czech Republic,7-30/1/1961

     animal-time unit (day, week, month, year, etc.)                 ? day

     number of new events (diseased animals) in the period           ? 99

Do you know absolute number of animal-time units at risk, yes(y) or no(n) ? n

     average number of animals at risk                               ? 153

     period duration in time units                                   ? 23

RESULT:

     Animal-time incidence rate  (interval incidence density)   =    0.0281  animal-day at risk

 

2.5-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION VIABILITY (SURVIVAL)

     This subprogramme calculates survival indicators according to:   1) general population aspects

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of viability ? general

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech republic,1973

     number of animals existing at the beginning of the period  ? 3309300

     number of animals surviving at the end of the period       ? 3406300

     number of animals existing in the period                   ? 4408000

     number of animals born (live births) in the period         ? 1315000

     number of naturally dead animals in the period             ? 99000

     number of animals slaughtered in the period                ? 1118000

RESULT:

     Animal population viability  index       =    1.0805

     Animal population natality rate  (crude live birth rate)   =    0.2983   =   29.8321 %

     Animal population survival rate    =    1.0293  =  102.9311 %

 

2.5-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION VIABILITY (SURVIVAL)

     This subprogramme calculates survival indicators according to:   2) specific health/disease aspects

INPUT DATA:

     animals health status - specify:  tb free

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, period ? Ranch T.,2004

     number of animals existing at the beginning of the period  ? 800

     number of animals surviving at the end of the period       ? 750

     number of animals existing in the period                   ? 1100

     number of animals born (live births) in the period         ? 300

     number of naturally dead animals in the period             ? 50

     number of animals slaughtered in the period                ? 30

RESULT:

     Animal population viability  index       =    3.7500

     Animal population natality rate  (crude live birth rate)   =    0.2727   =   27.2727 %

     Animal population survival rate          =    0.9375   =   93.7500 %

 

2.5-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION VIABILITY (SURVIVAL)

     This subprogramme calculates survival indicators according to:    3) reproduction categories aspects

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of viability ? reproduction - general

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1973

     number of animals existing in the period                   ? 4408000

     number of animals born (live births) in the period         ? 1315000

     number of females in reproductive age  existing in the period     ? 1330000

     number of weaned new born animals in the period            ? 1250000

RESULT:

     Animal population fertility rate         =    0.9887   =   98.8722 %

     Animal population natality rate  (crude live birth rate)   =    0.2983  =   29.8321 %

     Animal survival-to-weaning rate  (weaned new born animals' rate)  =    0.9506   =   95.0570 %

 

2.5-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION VIABILITY (SURVIVAL)

     This subprogramme calculates survival indicators according to:   4) breeding/production categories aspects

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of viability ? during breeding/fattening

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,young and in feedlots

     place, period ? Ranch D.,2002-2003

     number of animals at the beginning of breeding period      ? 560

     number of animals surviving to the end of breeding period  ? 504

     number of animals at the beginning of fattening period     ? 1200

     number of animals surviving to the end of fattening period ? 1150

RESULT:

     Breeding animals survival rate           =    0.9000    =   90.0000 %

     Fattening animals survival rate          =    0.9583    =   95.8333 %

 

2.6-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORTALITY

Do you want to evaluate general-crude mortality / crude death rate (g) or cause/category specific death rate - specific disease mortality (s)  or neonatal mortality rate (n)  ? g

INPUT DATA:

     type of mortality ? crude (general)

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1973

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     total number of animals existing  at the beginning of the period           ? 3093000

     total number of animals existing in the period               ? 4408000

     average total number of animals in the period                ? 3130000

     total number of naturally dead animals in the period         ? 99000

     total number of slaughtered animals in the period            ? 1118000

     total number of diseased animals in the period               ?

     total number of diseased animals naturally dead              ?

RESULT:

     Animal population total mortality rate to initial total            =  0.3935

     Animal population total mortality rate to existing total        =  0.2761

     Animal population total mortality rate to average total        =  0.3888

     Animal population natural mortality rate to initial total        =  0.0320

     Animal population natural mortality rate to existing total    =  0.0225

     Animal population natural mortality rate to average total    =  0.0316

     Slaughtered animals rate to initial total                                    =  0.3615

     Slaughtered animals rate to existing total                                =  0.2536

     Slaughtered animals rate to average total                                =  0.3572

 

  Note: 'total mortality' is based on a sum of dead and slaughtered animals;  'natural mortality' is based on naturally dead animals only.

                                                

2.6-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORTALITY

Do you want to evaluate general-crude mortality / crude death rate (g)or cause/category specific death rate - specific disease mortality (s)  or neonatal mortality rate (n)  ? s

INPUT DATA:

     specific disease(s)/form ? Aujeszky disease

     place, period ? Czechoslovakia,1973

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,all

     total number of animals existing  at the beginning of the period           ? 6093000

     total number of animals existing in the period               ?

     average total number of animals in the period                ? 6179000

     total number of naturally dead animals in the period         ? 250000

     number of specifically diseased animals existing   in the period       ? 24143

     number of naturally dead specifically diseased animals  in the period       ? 17137

     number of slaughtered specifically diseased animals  in the period       ? 6500

RESULT:

   Specific disease total mortality rate to initial total                       =  0.0039

   Specific disease total mortality rate to average total                   =  0.0038

   Specific disease natural mortality rate to initial total                   =  0.0028

   Specific disease natural mortality rate to average total               =  0.0028

   Specificaly diseased slaughtered animals rate to initial total     =  0.0011

   Specificaly diseased slaughtered animals rate to average total  =  0.0011

   Specific disease case fatality rate (lethality)                                 =  0.7098

   Specific disease proportional case fatality rate                            =  0.0685

 

2.6-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION MORTALITY

Do you want to evaluate general-crude mortality / crude death rate (g) or cause/category specific death rate - specific disease mortality (s)  or neonatal mortality rate (n)  ? n

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech republic,1989

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,calves

     number of live animal births in the period                  ? 1302253

     number of deaths of new born animals in the period          ? 62811

RESULT:

    Animal population neonatal mortality rate         =   0.0482  =   4.82 %

 

2.7-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE NIDALITY (FOCALITY)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis               species ? cattle

     focal measure units (herds, flocks, farms, ranches, etc.) ? ranches

     definition of foci ? affected by brucellosis

     type(s)/form(s) of foci (outbreaks) ? all (acute+chronic+in observation)                   place ? Czech republic (coop.+state sectors)

     territorial surface measure units, total number ? km2,78864

     Do you want to calculate indicators related to the given moment (m) or indicators related to the given period (p) ? m

     time-moment ? 1 January 1961

     number of focal measure units existing at the given moment ? 8403

     number of foci existing at the given moment                ? 518

     number of animals existing in foci at the given moment     ? 110891

RESULT:

    Point prevalence rate of foci                       =      0.0616   =      6.1645 %

    Average number of intrafocal animals  at the given moment      =    214.1

    Average density of foci per km2                     =      0.006568

    Ratio of km2 per one focus                          =    152.25

 

2.7-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE NIDALITY (FOCALITY)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis              species ? cattle

     focal measure units (herds, flocks, farms, ranches, etc.) ? ranches

     definition of foci ? affected by brucellosis

     type(s)/form(s) of foci (outbreaks) ? all (acute+chronic+in observation)                   place ? Czech Republic (coop.+state sectors)

     territorial surface measure units, total number ? km2,78864

     Do you want to calculate indicators related to the given moment (m) or indicators related to the given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 1961

     number of focal measure units existing  at the beginning of the period     ? 8403

     number of foci existing at the beginning of the period     ? 518

     number of focal measure units existing in the period       ? 8403

     number of foci existing in the period                      ? 559

     average number of focal measure units in the period        ? 7486

     average number of foci in the period                       ? 473

     number of new foci in the period                           ? 41

     number of extinct foci in the period                       ? 131

     number of animals existing in foci in the period           ? 120321

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of foci           =    0.0616

     Period prevalence rate of foci                    =    0.0665

     Average prevalence rate of foci                =    0.0632

     Incidence rate of foci to existing total      =    0.0049

     Extinction rate of foci to existing total      =    0.0156

     Average density of foci per km2               =    0.0071

     Average number of intrafocal animals in the given period  =  215.2

 

2.8  SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL  DISEASE  TERRITORIAL  DISTRIBUTION

INPUT DATA:

place ? 1.1.1962

disease(s) ? brucellosis (all forms)

species ? cattle                        category(ies) ? all

surface measure units ? km2 Czechoslovakia                            

surface of evaluated territory ?  127870 km2

Do you want to calculate indicators related to the given moment (m) or indicators related to the given period (p) ?  m

time-moment ? 1.1.1962

affected zones size existing at the given moment :  25000

number of animals existing in affected zones at the given moment ? 960000

RESULT:

    Point prevalence rate of affected area               =      0.1955   =     19.5511 %

    Average number of animals in affected area   per surface unit    =     38.40

 

2.8-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION     (villages, districts, regions, provinces, counties, zones, countries, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s)/form ? screwworm

     species, category(ies) ? mammals,all

     place (territory) ? Country L.

     surface measure units ? km2

     total number of surface measure units of the territory  ? 65000

     Do you want to calculate indicators related to the given moment (m)  or indicators related to the given period (p) ? p

     time-period ? 1988

     number of surface units of affected area   at the beginning of the period  ? 13000

     number of surface units of affected area existing in the period      ? 15600

     average number of measure units of affected area in the period      ? 14500

     number of surface units of new affected area in the period      ? 2600

     number of surface units of extinct affected area  (become free) in the period      ? 200

RESULT:

     Initial point prevalence rate of affected area       =   0.2000

     Period prevalence rate of affected area                =   0.2400

     Average prevalence rate of affected area            =   0.2231

     Incidence rate of affected area                              =   0.0400

     Extinction rate of affected area (recovery rate)   =   0.0031

 

2.9-HUMAN/ANIMAL POPULATIONS AND ZOONOSES

 This subprogramme calculates:  1) human population density and distribution

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic,1.1.1986

     space measure units ? km2

     List data :

     1  subterritory, size, persons ? Prague City,496,1193513

     2  subterritory, size, persons ? Cent.Bohemia,10994,1137086

     3  subterritory, size, persons ? South Bohemia,11345,695066

     4  subterritory, size, persons ? West Bohemia,10875,873239

     5  subterritory, size, persons ? North Bohemia,7819,1183145

     6  subterritory, size, persons ? East Bohemia,11240,1244452

     7  subterritory, size, persons ? South Moravia,15028,2058020

     8  subterritory, size, persons ? North Moravia,11067,1958877

RESULT:

 Subterritory            km2         Number of     Average    Proportion   Percentage

                                                  Inhabitants    Number

 Prague City             496           1193513         2406.28      0.115389        11.5389

 Cent.Bohemia     10994           1137086           103.43      0.109934        10.9934

 South Bohemia   11345             695066             61.27      0.067199          6.7199

 West Bohemia    10875             873239             80.30      0.084425          8.4425

 North Bohemia     7819           1183145           151.32      0.114386         11.4386

 East Bohemia      11240           1244452           110.72      0.120314         12.0314

 South Moravia    15028          2058020           136.95      0.198969         19.8969

 North Moravia    11067          1958877           177.00      0.189384          18.9384

 T o t a l                 78864        10343398           131.15      1.000000        100.0000

 

2.9- HUMAN/ANIMAL POPULATIONS AND ZOONOSES

 This subprogramme calculates:   2) human population categories structure

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic,1982

     category according to ? age of man

     List data :

     1  category, number of persons ? 0-14 years,1120000

     2  category, number of persons ? 15-59 years,2860000

     3  category, number of persons ? 60+ years,1220000

RESULT:

  Category                    Number of     Proportion     Percentage

                                      Inhabitants

 0-14 years                    1120000           0.215385       21.5385

 15-59 years                  2860000           0.550000       55.0000

 60+ years                     1220000           0.234615       23.4615

 T o t a l                         5200000          1.000000      100.0000

 

2.9-HUMAN/ANIMAL POPULATIONS AND ZOONOSES

 This subprogramme calculates:   3) ratios of animal/human populations

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic,1.1.1996

     animal species                 ? cattle

     number of animals  ?  3462000          number of persons ? 10343398

RESULT:

     Ratio of animals per one person           =    0.334706  :   1

     Ratio of persons per one animal           =    2.987694  :   1

 

2.9-HUMAN/ANIMAL POPULATIONS AND ZOONOSES

 This subprogramme calculates:   4) ratios of animals/humans diseased by zoonoses

INPUT DATA

     place (territory), time ? Czechoslovakia,1961

     zoonotic disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis                    indicator ? new cases

     animal species                 ? cattle

     number of animals              ? 4518000

     number of diseased animals     ? 4279

     number of persons              ? 15000000

     number of diseased persons     ? 110

RESULT:

     Ratio of diseased animals per one person                    =     0.0003  :   1

     Ratio of diseased animals per one diseased person   =   38.9000  :   1

     Ratio of diseased persons per one animal                    =     0.0000  :   1

     Ratio of diseased persons per one diseased animal   =     0.0257  :   1

 

 

 

3-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH STRUCTURES

=================================================================

 

        1-Animal population epizootiological structure

        2-Animal population disease territorial structure

        3-Animal population diseases foci (outbreaks) types' structure

        4-Territory epizootiological structure

        5-Morbidity, mortality and nidality structure by causes/forms

        6-Disease occurrence according to animal species and categories

        7-Disease occurrence according to breeding/production conditions

        8-Disease occurrence according to ecological conditions

        9-Tables of animal disease occurrence acc. to dif. criteria

        10-Tables of animal population, farms and territory epi. structure

        11-Tables of disease foci and intrafocal structure

        12-Proportions of disease different forms/symptoms findings

        13-Proportions of specific etiological agents/antibodies findings

 

 

3.1-ANIMAL POPULATION EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia (coop+state sectors),1.1.1964

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

      total number of animals of a given population            ? 3849365

     number of epizootiologically  h e a l t h y  animals     ? 2133275

     number of exposed epizootiologically healthy animals     ? 940006

     number of directly exposed epiz. healthy animals         ? 300000

     number of animals epizootiologically  i n d e t e r m i n a t e  with clinical symptoms   ? 500

     number of epizootiologically  a f f e c t e d  ( d i s e a s e d )   animals ? 438173

     number of animals epizootiologically affected  (diseased) with clinical symptoms   ? 4300

  RESULT: 

                                                                                         Number     Proportion

Epizootiologically healthy animals                             2133275       0.5542

    Non-exposed epi.healthy animals                             1193269       0.3100

    Exposed epi.healthy animals                                      940006         0.2442

      Indirectly exposed healthy animals                           640006          0.1663

      Directly exposed healthy animals                              300000          0.0779

Epizootiologically indeterminate animals                   1277917       0.3320

    Epiz.indeterminate anim. without symptoms             1277417        0.3319

    Epiz.indeterminate animals with symptoms                       500        0.0001

Epizootiologically affected (diseased) animals         438173         0.1138

    Epiz.affected animals without symptoms                  433873          0.1127

    Epiz.affected animals with symptoms                            4300          0.0011

                   T o t a l                                                           3849365      1.0000

 

3.2-ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE

 This subprogramme calculates:  1) diseased animals' territorial density and distribution

INPUT DATA:

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic,1 July 1060

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     space measure units  ? km2

  List data :

 1 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? Central Bohemia,11490,146838

 2 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? South Bohemia,11345,70121

 3 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? West Bohemia,10875,89458

 4 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? North Bohemia,7819,90948

 5 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? East Bohemia,11240,70011

 6 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? South Moravia,15028,89014

 7 subterritory, size, diseased animals ? North Moravia,11067,78012

RESULT:

Subterritory              km2        Diseased         Average   Proportion  Percentage

                                                  Animals            Number     of Total       of Total

 Central Bohemia   11490        146838                12.78       0.231459       23.1459

 South Bohemia     11345          70121                  6.18       0.110531       11.0531

 West Bohemia      10875          89458                  8.23       0.141012       14.1012

 North Bohemia       7819          90948                11.63       0.143360       14.3360

 East Bohemia       11240          70011                  6.23        0.110357       11.0357

 South Moravia    15028          89014                  5.92        0.140312       14.0312

 North Moravia     11067         78012                  7.05        0.122969       12.2969

 T o t a l                 78864         634402                 8.04        1.000000     100.0000

 

3.2-ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE

This subprogramme calculates:  2) farms - diseased animals' average number and territorial distribution

INPUT DATA:

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic -cooperatives, 1.1.1964

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all                        disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

  List data :

 1 subter., farms, diseased animals ? Central Bohemia,2600,64960

 2 subter., farms, diseased animals ? South Bohemia,1474,21126

 3 subter., farms, diseased animals ? West Bohemia,916,15754

 4 subter., farms, diseased animals ? North Bohemia,562,26580

 5 subter., farms, diseased animals ? East Bohemia,2853,15302

 6 subter., farms, diseased animals ? South Moravia,1831,16768

 7 subter., farms, diseased animals ? North Moravia,2498,19685

RESULT:

 Subterritory           Farms      Diseased         Average     Proportion   Percentage

                                                  Animals            Number        of Total       of Total

 Central Bohemia     2600          64960               24.98           0.204178        20.4178

 South Bohemia       1474          21126               14.33           0.115753        11.5753

 West Bohemia          916          15754               17.20           0.071933          7.1933

 North Bohemia         562          26580               47.30           0.044134          4.4134

 East Bohemia          2853          15302                5.36            0.224046        22.4046

 South Moravia       1831          16768                 9.16           0.143788        14.3788

 North Moravia       2498          19685                 7.88           0.196168        19.6168

 T o t a l                  12734        180175               14.15           1.000000      100.0000

 

3.2-ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE

 This subprogramme calculates:   3) diseased animals' simple territorial distribution

INPUT DATA:

     place (territory), time ? Czech Republic, 1.7.1960

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all                      disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

  List data:

 1 subterritory, diseased animals ? Central Bohemia,146838

 2 subterritory, diseased animals ? South Bohemia,70121

 3 subterritory, diseased animals ? West Bohemia,89458

 4 subterritory, diseased animals ? North Bohemia,90948

 5 subterritory, diseased animals ? East Bohemia,70011

 6 subterritory, diseased animals ? South Moravia,89014

 7 subterritory, diseased animals ? North Moravia,78012

RESULT:

 Subterritory                  Diseased            Proportion        Percentage

                                         Animals               of Total            of Total

 Central Bohemia             146838               0.231459            23.1459

 South Bohemia                 70121               0.110531            11.0531

 West Bohemia                  89458               0.141012            14.1012

 North Bohemia                 90948               0.143360            14.3360

 East Bohemia                    70011               0.110357            11.0357

 South Moravia                 89014                0.140312           14.0312

 North Moravia                 78012                0.122969           12.2969

 T o t a l                            634402                1.000000         100.0000

 

3.3-ANIMAL DISEASE FOCI (OUTBREAKS) TYPES' STRUCTURE

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis                    species ? cattle

     type(s)/form(s) of foci (outbreaks) ? all (acute+chronic+in observation)

     focal measure units (animal housings, herds/flocks areas, farms, ranches, villages, etc.) ? ranches

     place ? Czechoslovakia                           time-moment ? 1.7.1960

     total number of foci existing at the given moment           ? 797

     number of foci with affected (clinically + subclinically)   animals at the given moment ? 546

     number of foci with subclinically only affected animals   at the given moment ? 245

     number of foci without susceptible animals (depopulated)  at the given moment ? 0

RESULT:

      Characteristics                     Number    Proportion     Percentage

   With affected animals               546            0.6851            68.5069

           clinically                              301            0.3777            37.7666

           subclinically only              245            0.3074            30.7403

 With non-affected animals

                (in observation)            251            0.3149            31.4931

  Without susceptible animals

                (depopulated)                   0            0.0000              0.0000

      T o t a l                                     797            1.0000         100.0000

 

3.4-TERRITORY EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE        (villages, districts, regions, provinces, counties, countries, zones, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     territory ? Province C.         time-moment ? 1.1.2004

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? ruminants,all

     surface measure units  ? km2

     total number of surface measure units of the territory  ? 34000

     total number of specifically diseased animals  in the territory  ? 438173

     number of surface measure units  of specific disease(s) free zones  ? 29000

     number of surface measure units of exposed  specific disease(s) free zones (at risk)     ? 3500

     number of surface measure units of zones affected  by specific disease(s)  ? 1500

RESULT:

   Average density of specifically diseased animals   per one km2 =   12.89

                                                                          km2      Proportion        %

  Disease(s) free zones                                 29000       0.8529          85.29

     Non-exposed free zones (out of risk)   25500       0.7500          75.00

     Exposed free zones (at risk)                     3500       0.1029          10.29

  Indeterminate zone                                       3500       0.1029         10.29

  Affected zones                                             1500        0.0441           4.41

            T o t a l                                               34000       1.0000        100.00

 

3.5-MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NIDALITY AND TERRITORY STRUCTURE  ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CAUSES/FORMS

Do you want to evaluate the structure of: morbidity (d) or mortality (m) or nidality/focality (f) or affected territory (t) ? d

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of morbidity ? mastitis           species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia (coop+state sectors),31.12.1976

List data :

     1  cause/form, number of cases  ? path. without symptoms,14355

     2  cause/form, number of cases  ? latent mastitis,234537

     3  cause/form, number of cases  ? acute mastitis,28029

     4  cause/form, number of cases  ? chronic mastitis,70906

RESULT:

     Cause/form                  Number of     Proportion     Percentage

                                          Cases/units

 1   path. without sympto    14355            0.0413             4.1271

 2   latent mastitis                234537           0.6743           67.4292

 3   acute mastitis                  28029           0.0806             8.0583

 4   chronic mastitis              70906            0.2039          20.3854

     T o t a l                            347827           1.0000         100.0000

 

3.5-MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NIDALITY AND TERRITORY STRUCTURE  ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CAUSES/FORMS

Do you want to evaluate the structure of: morbidity (d) or mortality (m) or nidality/focality (f) or affected territory (t) ? m

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of mortality ? according to etiological agents

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,all

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia,1962

List data:

     1  cause/form, number of cases  ? infections,76701

     2  cause/form, number of cases  ? internal dis.,83089

     3  cause/form, number of cases  ? gastro-int.d.,41685

     4  cause/form, number of cases  ? nutrit./tox.,15966

     5  cause/form, number of cases  ? trauma,10707

     6  cause/form, number of cases  ? external d.,4081

     7  cause/form, number of cases  ? reproduction d.,3457

     8  cause/form, number of cases  ? parasitic dis.,448

     9  cause/form, number of cases  ? other diseases,15833

RESULT:

     Cause/form              Number of       Proportion     Percentage

                                       Cases/units

 1   infections                   76701                 0.3044          30.4409

 2   internal dis.                83089                 0.3298          32.9761

 3   gastro-int.d.               41685                 0.1654          16.5438

 4   nutrit./tox.                  15966                 0.0634            6.3365

 5   trauma                        10707                  0.0425           4.2494

 6   external d.                    4081                  0.0162           1.6197

 7   reproduction d.          3457                  0.0137            1.3720

 8   parasitic dis.                 448                  0.0018            0.1778

 9   other diseases          15833                  0.0628            6.2838

     T o t a l                      251967                 1.0000        100.0000

 

3.5-MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NIDALITY AND TERRITORY STRUCTURE   ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CAUSES/FORMS

Do you want to evaluate the structure of: morbidity (d) or mortality (m) or nidality/focality (f) or affected territory (t) ? f

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of nidality ? regions with bovine brucellosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia,1.7.1960

List data :

     1  cause/form, number of cases  ? prevalence 0-5 %,38

     2  cause/form, number of cases  ? prevalence 5-10 %,6

     3  cause/form, number of cases  ? prevalence 10-15 %,2

     4  cause/form, number of cases  ? prevalence 15-20 %,5

     5  cause/form, number of cases  ? prevalence 20-25 %,1

RESULT:

     Cause/form                      Number of     Proportion     Percentage

                                              Cases/units

 1   prevalence 0-5 %                  38               0.7308           73.0769

 2   prevalence 5-10 %                  6               0.1154           11.5385

 3   prevalence 10-15 %                2               0.0385            3.8462

 4   prevalence 15-20 %                5               0.0962            9.6154

 5   prevalence 20-25 %                1               0.0192            1.9231

     T o t a l                                    52               1.0000        100.0000

 

3.5-MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NIDALITY AND TERRITORY STRUCTURE  ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CAUSES/FORMS

Do you want to evaluate the structure of: morbidity (d) or mortality (m) or nidality/focality (f) or affected territory (t) ? t

INPUT DATA:

     type/form of affected territory ? by foot-and-mouth disease

     place, time ? Country V.,2002

     space measure units  ? km2

List data :

     1  cause/form, number of space units  ? acute course,1500

     2  cause/form, number of space units  ? chronic course,3000

     3  cause/form, number of space units  ? serol.evidence,7500

     4  cause/form, number of space units  ? free,9000

RESULT:

     Cause/form              Number of     Proportion     Percentage

                                             km2

 1   acute course               1500               0.0714           7.1429

 2   chronic course            3000              0.1429          14.2857

 3   serol.evidence            7500               0.3571          35.7143

 4   free                               9000               0.4286          42.8571

     T o t a l                        21000              1.0000         100.0000

 

3.6-DISEASE OCCURRENCE STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO ANIMAL SPECIES AND CATEGORIES

This subprogramme calculates disease occurrence according to  1) species (host range)

INPUT DATA:

     disease ? rabies (WHO Rabies Bulletin Europe - 4/92

     place, time ? Europe,1992

  List data:

  name  of the species, number of diseased animals:

               1 : ? dog,778

               2 : ? cat,622

               3 : ? cattle,919

               4 : ? horse,52

               5 : ? sheep/goat,315

               6 : ? other dom.anim.,17

               7 : ? fox,7318

               8 : ? badger,165

               9 : ? other mustel,265

               10 : ? deer,251

               11 : ? other wild an.,361

RESULT:

      Species                  Diseased       Proportion    Percentage

                                    Animals

    dog                             778                0.070325        7.0325

    cat                               622                0.056223        5.6223

    cattle                           919                0.083070        8.3070

    horse                            52                0.004700        0.4700

    sheep/goat                315                0.028473        2.8473

    other dom.anim.          17                0.001537        0.1537

    fox                             7318                0.661484      66.1484

    badger                        165                0.014915        1.4915

    other mustel              265                0.023954        2.3954

    deer                            251                0.022688        2.2688

    other wild an.            361                0.032631        3.2631

    T o t a l                   11063               1.000000     100.0000

 

3.6-DISEASE OCCURRENCE STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO ANIMAL SPECIES AND CATEGORIES

This subprogramme calculates disease occurrence according to  2) categories

 Animal categories according to:  breed, age, gender, weight, physiological stage, nutrition status, immunity  status, type/level of productivity, type of breeding, type of exploitation,   performance, production stage, technology, concentration, etc.

INPUT DATA:

     disease ? bovine tuberculosis

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia,1964

     species, category according to ? cattle,age/sex

  List data:

  name  of the subgroup, number of diseased animals:

               1 : ? cows,31412

               2 : ? heifers >1 year,8556

               3 : ? heifers 3-12 m.,5207

               4 : ? calves,6756

               5 : ? others,32202

RESULT:

    Category                 Diseased       Proportion    Percentage

    Subgroup                 Animals

    cows                            31412           0.373361       37.3361

    heifers >1 year             8556           0.101696       10.1696

    heifers 3-12 m.              5207           0.061890        6.1890

    calves                            6756           0.080301        8.0301

    others                          32202           0.382751      38.2751

    T o t a l                        84133           1.000000    100.0000

 

3.7-DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO BREEDING/PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

(according to: animal breeding/production exploitation, technology, concentration, housing/herd/flock/farm size, management, sector, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis                 species ? cattle

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia,1.1.1961

     type of conditions ? production sector                      criterion for subgrouping ? sector

  name of the subgroup, number of diseased animals:

               1 : ? cooperatives,38845

               2 : ? state ranches,59605

               3 : ? other state sect.,6148

               4 : ? private,635

RESULT:

    Subgroup                 Diseased       Proportion    Percentage

                                       Animals

    cooperatives              38845             0.369133        36.9133

    state ranches             59605             0.566410        56.6410

    other state sect           6148             0.058423          5.8423

    private                            635             0.006034          0.6034

    T o t a l                     105233             1.000000      100.0000

 

3.7-DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO BREEDING/PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

(according to: animal breeding/production exploitation, technology, concentration, housing/herd/flock/farm size, management, sector, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine spongiform encephalopathy                    species ? cattle

     place, time ? United Kingdom,1992

     type of conditions ? herd size

     criterion for subgrouping ? herd size

  name of the subgroup, number of diseased animals:

               1 : ? size <50,779

               2 : ? size 50-99,2384

               3 : ? size 100-199,2615

               4 : ? size >199,425

RESULT:

      Subgroup                 Diseased       Proportion    Percentage

                                       Animals

    size <50                         779               0.125584       12.5584

    size 50-99                    2384               0.384330       38.4330

    size 100-199                2615               0.421570       42.1570

    size >199                       425               0.068515         6.8515

    T o t a l                        6203               1.000000     100.0000

 

3.8-DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS

[atmospherical, geospherical, hydrospherical and biospherical (flora/fauna) factors; hygiene, etc.]

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? Thelaziasis rhodesi (acc.Prof.Hovorka)              species ? cattle

     place, time ? Carpat yone in Slovakia,1967

     type of ecological conditions ? clima                 criterion for subgrouping ? climatic zones

  name  of the subgroup, number of diseased animals:

               1 : ? lowland pastures,113

               2 : ? lowland wood,207

               3 : ? under-mount.,190

               4 : ? mountains,62

RESULT:

    Subgroup                 Diseased       Proportion    Percentage

                                       Animals

    lowland pastures          113             0.197552       19.7552

    lowland wood               207             0.361888       36.1888

    under-mount.                190             0.332168       33.2168

    mountains                       62             0.108392       10.8392

    T o t a l                           572            1.000000      100.0000

 

3.9-TABLES OF POPULATION DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO SPECIES,  CATEGORIES, ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

This subprogramme creates space/time tables of:  1) population disease occurrence according to species

INPUT DATA

     place, time (period) ? Central Europe,1992

     disease ? rabies in wild animals

        name  of the species  1   ? fox

        name  of the species  2   ? badger

        name  of the species  3   ? oth.mustel

        name  of the species  4   ? deer

        name  of the species  5   ? others

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? s

     measure units ? disease cases

Row names, values  of individual columns following this sequence:  Subterritory, fox, badger, oth.mustel, deer, others,

     1 row: ? Czechoslov.,775,8,19,4,1

     2 row: ? Austria,17,0,0,0,0

     3 row: ? Germany,1011,24,51,56,9

     4 row: ? Hungary,694,1,6,3,3

     5 row: ? Poland,2079,25,84,113,246

RESULT:

Subterritory    T o t a l      fox        badger  oth.mustel     deer       others

Czechoslov.       807         775            8              19                4               1

Austria                 17           17            0                0                0               0

Germany           1151       1011          24              51              56               9

Hungary             707         694            1                6                3               3

Poland              2547       2079          25              84            113           246

T o t a l             5229       4576          58            160            176           259

Proportion    1.0000     0.8751      0.0111      0.0306       0.0337      0.0495

 

3.9-TABLES OF POPULATION DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO SPECIES,  CATEGORIES, ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

 This subprogramme creates space/time tables of:  3) population disease occurrence according to ecological conditions

INPUT DATA

     place, time (period) ? Province T.,1999

     disease ? trypanosomiasis                       species ? cattle,all

        name  of the conditions  1   ? forest

        name  of the conditions  2   ? woodland

        name  of the conditions  3   ? savana

        name  of the conditions  4   ? grassland

        name  of the conditions  5   ? steppe

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? s

     measure units ? diseased animals

     number of rows  ? 4

Row names, values of individual columns following this sequence:     Subterritory, forest, woodland, savana, grassland, steppe,

     1 row: ? Region O.,15,45,567,780,34

     2 row: ? Region U.,20,56,789,980,58

     3 row: ? Region C.,0,0,346,234,12

     4 row: ? Region K.,34,12,432,670,45

RESULT:

Subterritory     T o t a l     forest     woodland   savana     grassland  steppe

Region O.           1441           15              45             567             780            34

Region U.           1903           20              56             789             980            58

Region C.             592             0                0             346             234            12

Region K.           1193           34              12             432             670            45

T o t a l               5129           69            113            2134          2664          149

Proportion       1.0000      0.0135      0.0220         0.4161       0.5194      0.0291

 

3.9-TABLES OF POPULATION DISEASE OCCURRENCE ACCORDING TO SPECIES, CATEGORIES, ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

This subprogramme creates space/time tables of:  4) population disease occurrence according to economic conditions

INPUT DATA

     place, time (period) ? Czech republic,1.1.1960-1.1.1965

     disease ? bovine brucellosis           species ? cattle

     number  of conditions (for table head)   ? 4

        name  of the conditions  1   ? Private

        name  of the conditions  2   ? Cooper.

        name  of the conditions  3   ? StateFarm

        name  of the conditions  4   ? Other SF

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? t

     measure units ? diseased animals

     number of rows  ? 6

Row names, values  of individual columns following this sequence:     Time, Private, Cooper., StateFarm, Other SF,

     1 row: ? 1.1.1960,848,39044,51373,7371

     2 row: ? 1.1.1961,635,39845,59605,6148

     3 row: ? 1.1.1962,228,36277,43299,8597

     4 row: ? 1.1.1963,80,25095,20994,20791

     5 row: ? 1.1.1964,28,9947,7530,10782

     6 row: ? 1.1.1965,0,0,0,0

RESULT:

Time          T o t a l    Private    Cooper.    StateFarm  Other SF

1.1.1960      98636        848         39044      51373      7371

1.1.1961      106233      635         39845      59605      6148

1.1.1962      88401        228         36277      43299      8597

1.1.1963      66960        80           25095      20994      20791

1.1.1964      28287        28           9947       7530       10782

1.1.1965      0                0             0             0             0

 

3.10-TABLES OF ANIMAL POPULATION, FARMS AND TERRITORY EPI.STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of tables according to space and time with following structures:   1) total, free and diseased animals

INPUT DATA

     title ? STRUCTURE OF CATTLE POPULATION ACCORDING TO TUBERCULOSIS

     disease                 ? bovine tuberculosis                       species ? cattle

     place, time             ? Czechoslovakia,1961-1967

     number of rows  ? 7

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? t

  Row names, values  of individual columns  following this sequence:     Time, total animals, disease free animals, diseased animals

     1 row: ? 1.1.1961,4387350,379094,829095

     2 row: ? 1.1.1962,4518291,538404,734850

     3 row: ? 1.1.1963,4507175,821142,589736

     4 row: ? 1.1.1964,4479806,1193269,438173

     5 row: ? 1.1.1965,4436166,1436824,312123

     6 row: ? 1.1.1966,4388984,1879248,194489

     7 row: ? 1.1.1967,4462073,2350429,95829

RESULT:

Time         T o t a l       Dis. Free  Proportion  Indeterm.  Affected   Proportion

 

1.1.1961     4387350     379094       0.0864          3179161    829095       0.1890

1.1.1962     4518291     538404       0.1192          3245037    734850       0.1626

1.1.1963     4507175     821142       0.1822          3096297    589736       0.1308

1.1.1964     4479806     1193269     0.2664          2848364    438173       0.0978

1.1.1965     4436166     1436824     0.3239          2687219    312123       0.0704

1.1.1966     4388984     1879248     0.4282          2315247    194489       0.0443

1.1.1967     4462073     2350429     0.5268          2015815    95829         0.0215

 

3.10-TABLES OF ANIMAL POPULATION, FARMS AND TERRITORY EPI.STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of tables according to space and time with following structures:    2) total, free and affected herds

INPUT DATA

     title ? CATTLE HERDS STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS

     disease                 ? bovine tuberculosis                species  ? cattle

     place, time             ? Czech Republic,1960-1966

     number of rows  ? 7

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? t

  Row names, values  of individual columns  following this sequence:   Time, total herds, disease free herds, affected herds

     1 row: ? 1.1.1960,12154,1518,10636

     2 row: ? 1.1.1961,10625,1557,9068

     3 row: ? 1.1.1962,7191,1857,5334

     4 row: ? 1.1.1963,6138,2207,3931

     5 row: ? 1.1.1964,5797,2692,3105

     6 row: ? 1.1.1965,5385,3056,2329

     7 row: ? 1.1.1966,5059,3465,1594

RESULT:

Time         T o t a l   Dis. Free  Proportion Indeterm.  Affected  Proportion

1.1.1960     12154       1518            0.1249          0             10636        0.8751

1.1.1961     10625       1557            0.1465          0               9068        0.8535

1.1.1962     7191         1857            0.2582          0               5334        0.7418

1.1.1963     6138         2207            0.3596          0               3931        0.6404

1.1.1964     5797         2692            0.4644          0               3105        0.5356

1.1.1965     5385         3056            0.5675          0               2329        0.4325

1.1.1966     5059         3465            0.6849          0               1594        0.3151

 

3.10-TABLES OF ANIMAL POPULATION, FARMS AND TERRITORY EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of tables according to space and time with following structures:     3) total, free and affected farms

 INPUT DATA

 title ? FARM STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO  TUBERCULOSIS OF CATTLE

     disease                 ? bovine tuberculosis                   species ? cattle

     place, time             ? Czech Republic,1963-1966

     number of rows   ? 4

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? t

  Row names, values  of individual columns  following this sequence:   Time, total farms, disease free farms, affected farms

     1 row: ? 1.1.1963,15785,6428,9357

     2 row: ? 1.1.1964,16568,7957,8611

     3 row: ? 1.1.1965,16192,6886,9306

     4 row: ? 1.1.1966,15708,8439,7269

RESULT:

Time         T o t a l   Dis. Free  Proportion  Indeterm.  Affected  Proportion

1.1.1963     15785       6428            0.4072           0               9357       0.5928

1.1.1964     16568       7957            0.4803           0               8611       0.5197

1.1.1965     16192       6886            0.4253           0               9306       0.5747

1.1.1966     15708       8439            0.5372           0               7269       0.4628

 

3.10-TABLES OF ANIMAL POPULATION, FARMS AND TERRITORY EPI.STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of tables according to space and time with following structures:   4) total, free and affected territory

INPUT DATA

     title  ? TERRITORY STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO TICK-BORN ENCEPHALITIS

     disease                 ? viral tick-borne encephalitis              species  ? small wild rhodents

     place, time             ? Province O.,2003

     number of rows  ? 5

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? s

     surface measure units ? km2

  Row names, values of individual columns  following this sequence:   Territory, total area, disease free area, affected area

     1 row: ? Region G.,5400,3400,1500

     2 row: ? Region D.,3200,1560,320

     3 row: ? Region L.,4890,3280,120

     4 row: ? Region F.,9800,5600,2800

     5 row: ? Region O.,4500,340,3200

RESULT:

Territory    T o t a l   Dis. Free  Proportion  Indeterm.  Affected  Proportion

Region G.    5400        3400             0.6296          500            1500       0.2778

Region D.    3200        1560            0.4875         1320              320       0.1000

Region L.    4890        3280             0.6708         1490             120        0.0245

Region F.    9800        5600             0.5714         1400           2800        0.2857

Region O.   4500          340             0.0756           960           3200         0.7111

T o t a l      27790      14180            0.5103         5670           7940         0.2857

 

3.11-TABLES OF DISEASE FOCI AND INTRAFOCAL STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of the tables according to space and time, with following structure:   1) foci: total, with diseased animals clinically, subclinically only,

         in observation and depopulated

INPUT DATA

     title  ? BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS FOCI STRUCTURE

     disease                    ? brucellosis (B.abortus Bang)      species  ? cattle

     place, time                ? Province T.31.12.1989

     foci form/type             ? all

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? s

    number of rows  ? 5

  Row names, values of individual columns  following this sequence:  Territory, f o c i  total, foci with animals diseased clinically,  diseased subclinically only, depopulated foci

     1  row: ? Region G.,23,12,11,0

     2  row: ? Region F.,13,2,5,3

     3  row: ? Region J.,34,14,13,2

     4  row: ? Region K.,43,12,14,3

     5  row: ? Region S-,4,2,1,0

RESULT:

Territory    T o t a l    With    Animals    Diseased      In                  Depopulated

                                       -----------------------------------    Observation

                                      Clinically       Subclin. only

Region G.      23                  12                      11                      0                       0

Region F.      13                    2                        5                      3                        3

Region J.       34                  14                      13                      5                        2

Region K.      43                  12                      14                    14                        3

Region S-        4                    2                        1                      1                        0

T o t a l        117                  42                      44                    23                        8

 

  P r o p o r t i o n s:

Territory    T o t a l    With    Animals    Diseased     In           Depopulated

                                     ---------------------------------   Observation

                                       Clinically    Subclin. only

Region G.      1.0000       0.5217         0.4783             0.0000       0.0000

Region F.      1.0000        0.1538        0.3846             0.2308       0.2308

Region J.       1.0000       0.4118         0.3824             0.1471       0.0588

Region K.      1.0000       0.2791         0.3256             0.3256       0.0698

Region S-      1.0000       0.5000         0.2500             0.2500       0.0000

T o t a l          1.0000       0.3590         0.3761             0.1966       0.0684

 

3.11-TABLES OF DISEASE FOCI AND INTRAFOCAL STRUCTURES

This subprogramme facilitates the creation of the tables according to space and time, with following structure:  2) intrafocal animals: total, affected clinically and subclinically,

         indeterminate and disease free

INPUT DATA

     title ? INTRAFOCAL EPIZOTIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF CACTLE IN IBR/IPV FOCI

     disease                    ? IBR/IPV               species ? cattle

     place, time                ? Region R.,1998

     disease form/type          ? all

     data according to subterritories (s) or time (t) ? t

     number of rows  ? 4

  Row names, values  of individual columns  following this sequence:  Time, intrafocal  a n i m a l s  total, diseased clinically,  subclinically, disease free

     1  row: ? I Q 1998,12890,789,8900,980

     2  row: ? II Q 1998,10456,678,6532,1200

     3  row: ? III Q 1998,9876,590,6200,800

     4  row: ? IV Q 1990,9234,789,5900,1200

RESULT:

Time          T o t a l     D  i   s   e   a   s  e  d         Indetermi- Disease Free

                                    Clinically   Subclin. only  nate

I Q 1998       12890         789          8900                     2221        980

II Q 1998      10456         678          6532                    2046        1200

III Q 1998     9876          590          6200                     2286        800

IV Q 1990     9234          789          5900                     1345        1200

    P r o p o r t i o n s:

Time          T o t a l     D  i   s   e   a   s  e  d        Indetermi- Disease Free

                                   Clinically   Subclin. only  nate

I Q 1998       1.0000      0.0612       0.6905               0.1723       0.0760

II Q 1998     1.0000       0.0648       0.6247               0.1957       0.1148

III Q 199      1.0000       0.0597       0.6278               0.2315       0.0810

IV Q 1990    1.0000       0.0854       0.6389               0.1457       0.1300

 

3.12-PROPORTIONS OF DISEASE DIFFERENT FORMS/SYMPTOMS FINDINGS

INPUT DATA:

     disease ? tuberculosis (macroscopic findings in abattoirs)

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia,1962

     investigations intravitam (i) or postmortem (p)          ? p

     total number of investigated  d i s e a s e d  animals   ? 236667

           List data :

     1  finding name, number of cases ? pneumonal tbc,225899

     2  finding name, number of cases ? liver tbc,53771

     3  finding name, number of cases ? intestinal tbc,66159

RESULT:

Finding            Number of     Total  F i n d i n g s       Total Diseased Animals

                             Cases      Proportion   Percentage   Proportion  Percentage

pneumonal tbc   225899        0.6532         65.3210           0.9545         95.4501

liver tbc                 53771        0.1555         15.5484           0.2272         22.7201

intestinal tbc        66159        0.1913         19.1306            0.2795         27.9545

T o t a l                345829       1.0000        100.0000

 

3.12-PROPORTIONS OF DISEASE DIFFERENT FORMS/SYMPTOMS FINDINGS

INPUT DATA:

     disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time ? Czechoslovakia (selected outbreaks),1957-1960

     investigations intravitam (i) or postmortem (p)          ? i

     total number of investigated  d i s e a s e d  animals   ? 1403

           List data:

     1  form/symptom, number of cases ? anorexia,1401

     2  form/symptom, number of cases ? fever,1058

     3  form/symptom, number of cases ? mouth changes,1336

     4  form/symptom, number of cases ? muzzle changes,642

     5  form/symptom, number of cases ? udder changes,253

     6  form/symptom, number of cases ? foot changes,175

     7  form/symptom, number of cases ? other symptoms,20

RESULT:

Form/symptom       Number of     Total  F i n d i n g s        Total Diseased Animals

                                      Cases      Proportion   Percentage   Proportion  Percentage

 

anorexia                        1401           0.2868           28.6796           0.9986     99.8574

fever                             1058            0.2166           21.6581           0.7541     75.4098

mouth changes           1336           0.2735           27.3490            0.9522     95.2245

muzzle changes            642            0.1314           13.1423           0.4576     45.7591

udder changes             253            0.0518             5.1791           0.1803     18.0328

foot changes                175            0.0358             3.5824           0.1247     12.4733

other symptoms             20            0.0041             0.4094           0.0143      1.4255

T o t a l                        4885            1.0000         100.0000

 

3.13-PROPORTIONS OF SPECIFIC ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS/ANTIBODIES' FINDINGS

INPUT DATA:

     etiological group ? Salmonella sp.

     species, category(ies) ? domestic animals,all

     place, time ? Czech Republic,1986

     etiological agents findings (e) or positive serological findings (s) ? e

           List name and numbers:

 1 etiolology, investigations, findings ? S. in cattle,27250,83

 2 etiolology, investigations, findings ? S. calves,25820,603

 3 etiolology, investigations, findings ? S. in pigs,74243,514

 4 etiolology, investigations, findings ? S. in sheep,755,2

 5 etiolology, investigations, findings ? S. in poultry,2213,18

RESULT:

                             N u m b e r    o f                      Total  F i n d i n g s'

                             Tests     Findings      %        Proportion   Percentage

S. in cattle           27250         83          0.3046       0.0680          6.8033

S. calves              25820       603          2.3354       0.4943        49.4262

S. in pigs             74243       514          0.6923        0.4213        42.1311

S. in sheep              755           2          0.2649        0.0016          0.1639

S. in poultry          2213         18         0.8134         0.0148          1.4754

    T o t a l           130281     1220                            1.0000       100.0000

 

3.13-PROPORTIONS OF SPECIFIC ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS/ANTIBODIES' FINDINGS

INPUT DATA:

     etiological group ? infectious diseases

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time ? Czech Republic,2000

     etiological agents findings (e) or positive serological findings (s) ? s

           List names and numbers:

 1 spec. dis. test, investigations, findings ? brucellosis,363479,0

 2 spec. dis. test, investigations, findings ? paratuberculosis,5580,44

 3 spec. dis. test, investigations, findings ? IBR/IPV,124346,4002

 4 spec. dis. test, investigations, findings ? enz.leukosis,251647,0

RESULT:

                                  N u m b e r    o f                      Total  F i n d i n g s'

                                 Tests     Findings      %        Proportion   Percentage

brucellosis              363479         0         0.0000       0.0000          0.0000

paratuberculosis        5580       44         0.7885       0.0109          1.0875

IBR/IPV                   124346    4002        3.2184       0.9891         98.9125

enz.leukosis            251647         0         0.0000       0.0000          0.0000

    T o t a l                747038    4046                          1.0000       100.0000

 

 

 

         4-SELECTED INDICATORS OF EPIZOOTIC PROCESS DYNAMICS

         =======================================================

 

         1-Comparative indexes of population health phenomena dynamics

         2-Average of changing numbers of diseased animals, foci etc.

         3-Seasonality of population health/disease phenomena

         4-Selected tendency indicators of morbidity and nidality

         5-Relations between new cases and space/time/diseased/foci

         6-Population 'vertical movement' and chronic disease process

         7-Number of diseased animals according to survival rates

         8-Territorial propagation of transmissible diseases

         9-Development of disease frequency with cyclic tendency

         10-Development of disease with ascending/descending tendency

         11-Chronological time series of population health phenomenon

   

 

4.1-COMPARATIVE INDEXES OF POPULATION HEALTH PHENOMENA DYNAMICS

INPUT DATA:

     phenomenon    ? number of tuberculosis cattle

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960-1967

List time, phenomenon values:

          1 : ? 1.1.1960,628276

          2 : ? 1.1.1961,630838

          3 : ? 1.1.1962,565659

          4 : ? 1.1.1963,456569

          5 : ? 1.1.1964,379757

          6 : ? 1.1.1965,249284

          7 : ? 1.1.1966,158267

          8 : ? 1.1.1967,80009

RESULT:

     Time                  Input Data         Comparative   I n d e x

                                                            Current       Chain

 1   1.1.1960            628276.00           100.0000     100.0000

 2   1.1.1961            630838.00           100.4078     100.4078

 3   1.1.1962            565659.00            90.0335      89.6679

 4   1.1.1963            456569.00            72.6701      80.7145

 5   1.1.1964            379757.00            60.4443      83.1763

 6   1.1.1965            249284.00            39.6775      65.6430

 7   1.1.1966            158267.00            25.1907      63.4886

 8   1.1.1967              80009.00            12.7347      50.5532                                                  

 

4.2-AVERAGE OF CHANGING NUMBERS OF DISEASED ANIMALS, FOCI  AND OTHER EPI. PHENOMENA

     This subprogramme calculates average of:   1) changing numbers of diseased animals

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place ? Czech Republic

     time (initial and final dates of the period) ? 1.1.1960-1.1.1967

     time measure units ? years

     number of diseased animals existing  at the beginning of period         ? 461345

     number of diseased animals existing  at the end of the period         ? 59071

     total duration of the given period in time measure units ? 8

     subperiods' average duration in time measure units       ? 0.5

RESULT:

     Absolute difference between initial and final number of diseased animals                                  =  -402274

     Average absolute value of the change of number  of diseased animals during one subperiod             =  -25142

     Average relative value of the change of initial number of diseased animals during one subperiod             =  -   6.25 %

                                                

4.2-AVERAGE OF CHANGING NUMBERS OF DISEASED ANIMALS, FOCI  AND OTHER EPI. PHENOMENA

     This subprogramme calculates average of:    2) changing numbers of foci (outbreaks)

INPUT DATA:

     foci ? bovine brucellosis (incl.in observation)

     place ? Czechoslovakia

     time (initial and final dates of the period) ? 1.1.1961-1.1.1965

     time measure units ? years

     number of foci (outbreaks) existing  at the beginning of the period         ? 1420

     number of foci (outbreaks) existing  at the end of the period         ? 266

     total duration of the given period in time measure units ? 4

     subperiods' average duration in time measure units       ? 1

RESULT:

     Absolute difference between initial and final number of foci (outbreaks)                                  =  -1154

     Average absolute value of the change of number  of foci (outbreaks) during one subperiod             =  -288

     Average relative value of the change of initial number  of foci (outbreaks) during one subperiod             =  -  25.00 %

                                       

4.2-AVERAGE OF CHANGING NUMBERS OF DISEASED ANIMALS, FOCI  AND OTHER EPI. PHENOMENA

     This subprogramme calculates average of:    3) changing numbers of epi. phenomenon units

INPUT DATA:

     epi. phenomenon ? tuberculinizations of cattle

     place ? Czechoslovakia

     time (initial and final dates of the period) ? 1959-1967

     time measure units ? years

     epi. phenomenon measure units ? individual applications

     number of epi. phenomenon measure units  at the beginning of the period         ? 4972644

     number of epi. phenomenon measure units   at the end of the period         ? 9739572

     total duration of the given period in time measure units ? 9

     subperiods' average duration in time measure units       ? 1

RESULT:

     Absolute difference between initial and final number  of epi. phenomena                                  =   4766928

     Average absolute value of the change of number of epi. phenomena during one subperiod             =   529659

     Average relative value of the change of initial number of epi. phenomena during one subperiod             =   11.11 %

 

4.3.-SEASONALITY OF POPULATION HEALTH/DISEASE PHENOMENA

This subprogramme calculates seasonality of:  1) disease(s)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? trichophytosis

     species, category(ies) ? humans,all

     place, period ? Czechoslovakia,1962-1964

     indicator measure units ? sick persons

     number of years  ? 3

 Absolute monthly values:

             January     ? 323,324,284

             February    ? 405,348,256

             March       ? 289,288,285

             April       ? 272,271,210

             May         ? 239,240,190

             June        ? 20,0,160

             July        ? 60,180,131

             August      ? 127,128,96

             September   ? 101,111,0

             October     ? 103,150,148

             November    ? 79,117,0

             December    ? 174,229

RESULT:

                       Total Number     %       Monthly Average    Season Index

 

     January           931.00     14.6892         310.33         176.2701  %

     February       1009.00     15.9198         336.33         191.0382  %

     March             862.00     13.6005         287.33         163.2061  %

     April               753.00      11.8807         251.00         142.5686  %

     May                669.00      10.5554         223.00         126.6646  %

     June                180.00        2.8400           60.00          34.0802  %

     July                371.00         5.8536         123.67          70.2430  %

     August          351.00         5.5380         117.00          66.4563  %

     September     212.00         3.3449           70.67          40.1388  %

     October         401.00         6.3269         133.67          75.9230  %

     November     196.00         3.0925           65.33          37.1095  %

     December     403.00          6.3585         134.33          76.3017  %

     T o t a  l       6338.00       100.0000        176.06

 

4.3-SEASONALITY OF POPULATION HEALTH/DISEASE PHENOMENA

This subprogramme calculates seasonality of: 2) other phenomenon (outbreaks, vaccination, costs, losses, etc.)

INPUT DATA:

     epi. phenomenon ? positive larvoscopic test for Dictyocaulus filariain lambs

     place, period ? Košice,1957

     indicator measure units ? positive tests

     number of years  ? 1

 Absolute monthly values

             January     ? 18

             February    ? 8

             March       ? 38

             April       ? 31

             May         ? 0

             June        ? 10

             July        ? 21

             August      ? 11

             September   ? 26

             October     ? 0

             November    ? 0

             December    ? 0

RESULT:

                           Total Number     %       Monthly Average   Season Index

     January            18.00           11.0429          18.00                   132.5153  %

     February            8.00             4.9080            8.00                     58.8957  %

     March              38.00           23.3129          38.00                    279.7546  %

     April                31.00            19.0184          31.00                    228.2209  %

     May                   0.00              0.0000            0.00                       0.0000  %

     June                 10.00              6.1350          10.00                     73.6196  %

     July                  21.00            12.8834          21.00                   154.6012  %

     August            11.00             6.7485           11.00                    80.9816  %

     September       26.00           15.9509           26.00                   191.4110  %

     October             0.00             0.0000             0.00                       0.0000  %

     November         0.00             0.0000             0.00                       0.0000  %

     December          0.00             0.0000             0.00                      0.0000  %

     T o t a l           163.00        100.0000           13.58                     

 

4.4-SELECTED TENDENCY INDICATORS OF MORBIDITY AND NIDALITY

     This subprogramme calculates tendency indicators of:    1) animal disease morbidity

 INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czechoslovakia,1964

     number of diseased animals at the beginning of the period    ? 476759

     number of diseased animals  existing in the period            ? 560944

     average number of diseased animals  existing in the period            ? 406864

     number of new diseased animals in the period              ? 84185

     number of extinct diseased animals  (dead+slaughtered+removed+recovered) in the period      ? 223974

RESULT:

     Difference between new and extinct diseased animals         = -139789

     Ratio of new/extinct diseased animals                       =  0.3759

     Ratio of extinct/new diseased animals                       =  2.6605

     Index of morbidity stability tendency to initial number     =  0.8234

     Index of morbidity stability tendency to existing number    =  0.8499

     Index of morbidity stability tendency to average number     =  0.7931

     Index of morbidity reduction tendency to initial number     =  0.2932

     Index of morbidity reduction tendency to existing number    =  0.2492

     Index of morbidity reduction tendency to average number     =  0.3436

     Index of morbidity increasing tendency to initial number    = -0.2932

     Index of morbidity increasing tendency to existing number   = -0.2492

     Index of morbidity increasing tendency to average number    = -0.3436                                               

 

4.4-SELECTED TENDENCY INDICATORS OF MORBIDITY AND NIDALITY

     This subprogramme calculates tendency indicators of:  2) animal disease nidality

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czechoslovakia,1960

     number of foci (outbreaks)  at the beginning of the period    ? 769

     number of foci (outbreaks)  existing in the period            ? 827

     average number of foci (outbreaks) existing in the period            ? 742

     number of new foci (outbreaks) in the period              ? 58

     number of extinct foci (outbreaks) in the period          ? 112

RESULT:

     Difference between new and extinct outbreaks               = -54

     Ratio of new/extinct outbreaks                             =  0.5179

     Ratio of extinct/new outbreaks                             =  1.9310

     Index of nidality stability tendency to initial number     =  0.9246

     Index of nidality stability tendency to existing number    =  0.9299

     Index of nidality stability tendency to average number     =  0.9218

     Index of nidality reduction tendency to initial number     =  0.0702

     Index of nidality reduction tendency to existing number    =  0.0653

     Index of nidality reduction tendency to average number     =  0.0728

     Index of nidality increasing tendency to initial number    = -0.0702

     Index of nidality increasing tendency to existing number   = -0.0653

     Index of nidality increasing tendency to average number    = -0.0728                                                  

 

4.5-RELATIONS BETWEEN NEW CASES AND SPACE/TIME/DISEASED/FOCI

     This subprogramme calculates following indicators of diseases spreading:     1) ratios of disease new cases/space units

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     definition of new cases ? animals with positive tbc test

     number of disease new cases                            ? 191842

     space measure unit             ? km2

     number of space measure units of the territory         ? 78864

RESULT:

   Ratio of disease new cases per one space unit  =     2.4326 / km2

   Ratio of territory per one new case of disease =     0.4111  km2    :  1

 

4.5-RELATIONS BETWEEN NEW CASES AND SPACE/TIME/DISEASED/FOCI

     This subprogramme calculates following indicators of diseases spreading:   2) ratios of disease new cases/time units (disease frequency)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     definition of new cases ? animals with positive tbc test

     number of disease new cases                            ? 191842

     time measure unit (up to 5 characters !)               ? day

     number of time measure units of the period             ? 365

RESULT:

   Ratio of disease new cases per one time unit      =   525.5945 / day

   Ratio of time period per one new case of disease  =     0.0019  day   :  1

 

4.5-RELATIONS BETWEEN NEW CASES AND SPACE/TIME/DISEASED/FOCI

     This subprogramme calculates following indicators of diseases spreading:     3) ratios of disease new cases/total diseased animals

 INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     definition of new cases ? animals with positive tbc test

     number of disease new cases                            ? 191842

     total number of diseased animals  at the beginning of the period      ? 628276

     total number of diseased animals existing  in the period          ? 820118

     total average number of diseased animals  existing in the period          ? 629557

RESULT:

     Ratio of disease new cases per one diseased animal  existing at the beginning of the period  =    0.3053

     Ratio of diseased animals existing at the beginning  of the period per one new case of disease  =    3.2750

     Ratio of disease new cases per one diseased   animals existing in the period      =    0.2339

     Ratio of diseased animals existing in the period  per one new case of disease  =    4.2750

     Ratio of disease new cases per one diseased  animal of average number in the period      =    0.3047

     Ratio of diseased animals' average number existing  in the period per one new case of disease  =    3.2816                              

 

4.5-RELATIONS BETWEEN NEW CASES AND SPACE/TIME/DISEASED/FOCI

     This subprogramme calculates following indicators of diseases spreading:   4) ratios of new/total foci

NPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1961

     definition of new foci ? ranches with brucellosis animals

     number of new foci                                     ? 41

     total number of foci existing  at the beginning of the period      ? 518

     total number of foci existing in the period            ? 559

     total average number of foci existing in the period          ? 473

RESULT:

     Ratio of new foci per one focus  existing at the beginning of the period  =    0.0792

     Ratio of foci existing at the beginning  of the period per one new focus     =   12.6341

     Ratio of new foci per one focus  existing in the period      =    0.0733

     Ratio of foci existing in the period per one new focus     =   13.6341

     Ratio of new foci per one focus  of average existing in the period      =    0.0867

     Ratio of average number of foci existing in the period per one new focus      =   11.5366

 

4.6-POPULATION 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT' AND CHRONIC DISEASE EPIZOOTIC PROCESS

  This subprogramme calculates:   1) combination of existing, new and extinct diseased animals

INPUT DATA

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1962

Question about indicator to be calculated  l e a v e   w i t h o u t  a n y   a n s w e r, however the other three data must be given !

     number of diseased animals existing at the beginning         ? 36656

     number of new diseased animals  (newly diseased+new born diseased+introduced)      ? 519

     number of extinct diseased animals  (dead+slaughtered+removed+recovered)       ?

     number of diseased animals existing at the end of the period ? 25288

RESULT:

     Number of extinct diseased animals in the period          =  11887

     Number of diseased animals existing in the period         =  37175                                             

 

4.6-POPULATION 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT' AND CHRONIC DISEASE EPIZOOTIC PROCESS

  This subprogramme calculates:   2) diseased animals' replacement rates

INPUT DATA

     disease(s) ? bovine brucellosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1961

     number of new diseased animals  (newly diseased+new born diseased+introduced)       ? 1797

     total number of diseased animals existing  at the beginning of the period      ? 33211

     total number of diseased animals existing in the period       ? 35008

     average number of diseased animals existing in the period     ? 34933

     duration (in days) of one population reproduction cycle       ? 1800

RESULT:

     Diseased animals' replacement rate to initial number    =   0.0541

     Diseased animals' replacement rate to existing number   =   0.0513

     Diseased animals' replacement rate to average number    =   0.0514

     Ratio year/population reproduction cycle                =   0.2028

     Number of years of population reproduction cycle        =   4.9315

 

4.6-POPULATION 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT' AND CHRONIC DISEASE EPIZOOTIC PROCESS

  This subprogramme calculates:  3) estimate of remaining diseased animals within one generation cycle

INPUT DATA

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1961

   total number of diseased animals at the beginning of the period ? 450898

   duration (in days) of one regular generation  (replacement/reproduction) cycle       ? 1825

   duration (in days) between the initial and evaluated  days  w i t h i n  the generation cycle       ? 365

RESULT:

     Estimated number of diseased animals existing at the beginning  and still remaining */ at the evaluated day  =  360718

     */ Note: If not eliminated prematurely and in the absence of migration.

 

4.6-POPULATION 'VERTICAL MOVEMENT' AND CHRONIC DISEASE EPIZOOTIC PROCESS

  This subprogramme calculates:   4) estimate of remaining diseased animals  within one regular continuing production/breeding cycle

INPUT DATA

     disease(s) ? chronic respiratory disease

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,sows

     place, period ? Ranch B.,2003

   total number of diseased animals at the beginning of the period  ? 1510

   duration (in days) of one regular continuing  production/breeding replacement cycle     ? 455

   duration (in days) between the initial and evaluated days  w i t h i n  the production/breeding cycle     ? 180  

RESULT:

     Estimated number of diseased animals existing at the beginning  and still remaining */ at the evaluated day  =  913

     */ Note: If not eliminated prematurely and in absence of migration.                                        

 

4.7-NUMBER OF DISEASED ANIMALS ACCORDING TO SURVIVAL RATES

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? enzootic leukosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,females born in 1981

     place, period ? Province Y.,1981-1985

     total number of diseased animals at the beginning ? 1250

List data:

names of subperiods, coefficients of diseased animals survival probability :

               1 :  ? < 1 year,0.9

               2 :  ? 1-2 year,0.93

               3 :  ? 2-3 years,0.95

               4 :  ? 3-4 years,0.95

               5 :  ? 4-5 years,0.96 

RESULT:

    Age            Survival    Mortality  Cumulative  Surviving

    Subperiod    Rate        Rate          Survival       Dis.Animals

                                                                Rate          at the End

 1   < 1 year     0.9000      0.1000        0.9000           1125

 2   1-2 year     0.9300      0.0700        0.8370           1046

 3   2-3 years   0.9500      0.0500        0.7951           994

 4   3-4 years   0.9500      0.0500        0.7554           944

 5   4-5 years   0.9600      0.0400        0.7252           906

 

   From the initial number of 1250 diseased animals after 5  age subperiods   it can be estimated about  906 surviving diseased animals (if not removed prematurely).

                                                

4.8-SELECTED INDICATORS OF DISEASE TERRITORIAL PROPAGATION

     This subprogramme calculates:   1) combination of velocity, distance and time

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease            species ? antelopes

     place, period ? China-Mongolia borders zones,IX/1963-VI/1964

     territorial surface measure units ? km2        length measure units ? km           time measure units  ? days

Do not answer (skip) the question about the indicator to be calculated !   Other two questions must be answered !

     velocity of disease propagation per one time measure unit  ?

     distance of disease propagation in length measure units    ? 376

     time of disease propagation in time measure units          ? 270

Additional input data:

     average density of animals per one surface unit            ? 0.9

     estimated excision angle grade (1 - 360)   of theoretical circular propagation     ? 90

RESULT:

   Estimated velocity of disease propagation  per one time measure unit    =    1.39 km

   Estimated affected zone  (if the propagation follows circular excision)    =  111188 km2

   Estimated number of animals in affected  zone         =  99932                                                  

 

4.8-SELECTED INDICATORS OF DISEASE TERRITORIAL PROPAGATION

     This subprogramme calculates:   2) relations of newly to total affected territory

 INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease                species ? ruminants+pigs

     place, period ? County N.,1998

     territorial surface measure units  ? km2

     new affected territory in surface units                    ? 345

     affected territory at the beginning of the period  in surface units    ? 456

     affected territory existing in the period  in surface units    ? 678

     affected territory average existing  in the period in surface units        ? 540  

RESULT:

      Ratio of new affected territory per one surface unit  of initially affected territory    =   0.7566

      Ratio of initially affected territory per one surface unit of new affected territory   =   1.3217

      Ratio of new affected territory per one surface unit of affected territory existing in the period         =   0.5088

      Ratio of affected territory existing in the period  per one surface unit of new affected territory   =   1.9652

      Ratio of new affected territory per one surface unit of affected territory average in the period         =   0.6389

      Ratio of affected territory average in the period   per one surface unit of new affected territory   =   1.5652

 

4.9-DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE FREQUENCY WITH CYCLIC TENDENCY

(sinusoid curve formula adapted by the author)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? rabies                    species, category(ies) ? fox,all

     place, period ? County S.,1990-1996

     time measure unit ? semesters

     supposed amplitude - difference between maximal and minimal  numbers of diseased animals  ? 270

     minimal number of diseased animals (curve bottom)            ? 55

     duration between two peaks of the curve (in time units)      ? 6

     initial value of time (in time measure units) when   the number of diseased animals is in the curve middle  i.e. in the middle between maximal and minimal numbers   ? 0

     total period duration in time measure units   ? 14

RESULT:

                 Time-end of           Estimated number

                 semesters             of diseased animals

                    0                        190

                    1                        306

                    2                        306

                    3                        190

                    4                        73

                    5                        73

                    6                        189

                    7                        306

                    8                        306

                    9                        190

                    10                      73

                    11                      73

                    12                     189

                    13                     306

                    14                     306                                                

 

4.10-DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE FREQUENCY WITH ASCENDING/DESCENDING TENDENCY

(part of sinusoid curve formula adapted by the author)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? African swine fever              species, category(ies) ? swine,all

     place, period ? Province U.(newly introduced),May 1965

     time measure units  ? days

     supposed amplitude - difference between maximal and minimal  numbers of diseased animals    ? 25000

     duration between max/min numbers in time units   ? 16

     evaluated period duration in time measure units  ? 16

     Is the curve of diseased animals numbers ascending (a) or descending (d)   ? a

     minimal number of diseased animals at the  b e g i n n i n g   ? 550

RESULT:

                 Time-end of           Estimated number

                 days                  of diseased animals

                    (start)                550

                    1                        790

                    2                       1501

                    3                       2656

                    4                       4211

                    5                       6105

                    6                       8266

                    7                      10611

                    8                      13050

                    9                      15488

                    10                     17833

                    11                     19994

                    12                     21888

                    13                     23443

                    14                     24598

                    15                     25309

                    16                     25549

                                    

4.10-DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE FREQUENCY WITH ASCENDING/DESCENDING TENDENCY

(part of sinusoid curve formula adapted by the author)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis                       species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1959-1968

     time measure units ? years

     supposed amplitude - difference between maximal and minimal  numbers of diseased animals    ? 628276

     duration between max/min numbers in time units   ? 10

     evaluated period duration in time measure units    ? 10

     Is the curve of diseased animals numbers ascending (a) or descending (d)   ? d

     minimal number of diseased animals at the period  e n d        ? 0

RESULT:

                 Time-end of     Estimated number

                 years                 of diseased animals

                    (start)              628276

                    1                      612901

                    2                      568281

                    3                      498784

                    4                      411212

                    5                      314138

                    6                      217064

                    7                      129493

                    8                      59995

                    9                      15375

                    10                     0

                                        

4.11-CHRONOLOGICAL TIME SERIES OF POPULATION HEALTH PHENOMENON

INPUT DATA:

     variable (indicator), period ? tbc cattle in Czechoslovakia,1960-1969

List subperiods or moments in chronological order, variable values:

                    1  ? 1.1.1960,859557

                    2  ? 1.1.1961,893793

                    3  ? 1.1.1962,795975

                    4  ? 1.1.1963,639171

                    5  ? 1.1.1964,476759

                    6  ? 1.1.1965,336970

                    7  ? 1.1.1966,206567

                    8  ? 1.1.1967,99348

                    9  ? 1.1.1968,19477

                    10  ? 1.1.1969,0

RESULT:

 Order    Subperiod/           Variable          I    n    d    e    x

 Number   Moment                 Value           Current       Chained

  1       1.1.1960            859557.00          100.00         100.00

  2       1.1.1961            893793.00          103.98         103.98

  3       1.1.1962            795975.00           92.60          89.06

  4       1.1.1963            639171.00           74.36          80.30

  5       1.1.1964            476759.00           55.47          74.59

  6       1.1.1965            336970.00           39.20          70.68

  7       1.1.1966            206567.00           24.03          61.30

  8       1.1.1967             99348.00            11.56          48.09

  9       1.1.1968             19477.00              2.27          19.60

  10      1.1.1969                    0.00              0.00           0.00

 Estimated linear trend (least square line):   Y  =  432761.69   -113799.77  X

 

 

 

       5-SELECTED INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE RISK ASSESSMENT

       ==========================================================

 

       1-General indicators of animal disease risk

       2-Risk probability assessment of animal disease introduction I.

       3-Risk probability assessment of animal disease introduction II.

       4-Risk comparison of a disease introduction from several territories

       5-Risk comparison of several diseases introduction from one territory

       6-Animal population movement as potential risk of disease propagation

       7-Animal products transfer as potential risk of disease propagation

       8-Concentration of animals as potential risk of disease propagation

       9-Risk probability assessment of animal disease propagation

       10-Per capita food consumption as potential risk of food-born diseases

        (Note: See also module 11 of the Main Menu !)                                               

 

 

5.1-GENERAL INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE RISK                                                                                          (Ref.:Jenicek; Martin; Toma)

INPUT DATA:

     risk (disease) ? hog cholera           place ? Region N.           time ? 31 May 2004

     species ? pigs                                 category(ies) ? all

     Are you going to input relative (r) or absolute (a) data ? r

     incidence rate (major) among animals  e x p o s e d  to disease risk   ? 0.1333

     incidence rate (minor) among animals  n o n-e x p o s e d  to disease risk   ? 0.05   

RESULT:

    Grade of relative  risk (risk ratio)          =   2.6660

    Grade of attributable (differential) risk     =   0.0833

    Fraction of attributable risk                 =   0.6249

    Percentage of attributable risk                    =  62.4906 %

    Grade of risk superiority   (risk odds ratio, risk coefficient)   =   2.9222

                                             

5.1-GENERAL INDICATORS OF ANIMAL DISEASE RISK                                                                                          (Ref.:Jenicek; Martin; Toma)

INPUT DATA:

     risk (disease) ? rabies in unvaccinated animals

     place ? Province C.             time ? 2001

     species ? fox                        category(ies) ? all

     Are you going to input relative (r) or absolute (a) data ? a

     number of diseased among animals exposed to the risk         ? 34

     number of healthy among animals exposed to the risk          ? 456

     number of diseased among animals non-exposed to the risk     ? 8

     number of healthy among animals non-exposed to the risk      ? 6080

RESULT:

    Grade of relative risk (risk ratio)              =  52.8041

    Grade of attributable (differential) risk        =   0.0681

    Fraction of attributable risk                    =   0.9811

    Percentage of attributable risk                       =  98.1062 %

    Grade of risk superiority  (risk odds ratio, risk coefficient)      =  56.6667

    Grade of individual risk of exposed animals      =   0.0694

    Grade of individual risk of non-exposed animals  =   0.0013

 

5.2-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE AGENTS INTRODUCTION  I.

   This subprogramme calculates a rough probability of potential risk of   specific animal disease agents to be introduced into a territory (country,   province, region, ranch, etc.) from abroad. Selected simple criteria  of  i n a b i l i t y - failure grades (scale between >0 and 1) are used.  The input and result interpretation to be based upon theoretical knowledge  and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.

   Note: Diseased animals = affected clinically, subclinically and carriers  of specific etiological agents.  Animal products  = not sterilized raw animal products.

INPUT DATA:

     specific disease ? brucellosis

     commodity to be imported - animals (a) or animal products (p) ? a

     species/category ? cattle,heifers

     number of animals to be imported ? 1250

     name of importing unit/territory ? A                      name of exporting unit/territory ? B

     time - period ? May 2004

    Situation in the territory/population/unit of origin:

specific disease prevalence rate - true or estimated (>0 - 1)        ? 0.1

estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure) to  d i s c o v e r a l l  specifically  i n f e c t e d  animals  and  h e r d s (outbreaks) considering: sensitivity/specificity of diagnostic  methods used, population investigation grade, field and laboratory services capabilities, active field surveys, reporting/information systems, etc..           ? 0.4

estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure)  to  a v o i d  specific disease propagation (n e w   f o c i  - focal incidence) due to the lack of effective foci isolation and control

and field prevention measures during previous critical period        ? 0.5

estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure)  to   a v o i d  d i s e a s e d  (infected) animals to be  e x p o r t e d  (considering: pre-export animal selection, testing, treatment and control measures, reliability of certificates, eventual  p r e v i o u s   c a s e s of exporting diseased animals or their products, etc.)               ? 0.2

RESULT:

Risk probability grade of disease introduction  =  0.00400000 +- 0.00349914

         Estimated number of infected animals  to be probably introduced is about    5

                                               

5.2-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE AGENTS INTRODUCTION I.

   This subprogramme calculates a rough probability of potential risk of    specific animal disease agents to be introduced into a territory (country,   province, region, ranch, etc.) from abroad. Selected simple criteria    of  i n a b i l i t y - failure grades (scale between >0 and 1) are used.  The input and result interpretation to be based upon theoretical knowledge   and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.

   Note: Diseased animals = affected clinically, subclinically and carriers of specific etiological agents.  Animal products  = not sterilized raw animal products.

INPUT DATA:

     specific disease ? hog cholera

     commodity to be imported - animals (a) or animal products (p) ? p

     type of animal product ? meat                       measure units ? MT

     quantity of product to be imported ? 34000

     name of importing unit/territory ? Country A                       name of exporting unit/territory ? Country B

     time - period ? 2003

    Situation in the territory/population/unit of origin:

specific disease prevalence rate - true or estimated (>0 - 1)        ? 0.05

estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure) to  d i s c o v e r  a l l : specifically  i n f e c t ed  animals,  h e r d s (outbreaks) and particular products containing specific disease etiological  a g e n t s  (considering: sensitivity/specificity of diagnostic methods used, grade of population/product investigation, field and laboratory services capabilities, reporting/information systems, etc.)          ? 0.8

estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure) to   a v o i d  the contamination of pathogen-free products by specific pathogens during processing, storing and transport   ? 0.7                            estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y  (failure) to  a v o i d  specific etiological agents to be exported by the particular commodity (considering: pre-export product selection, testing, treatment and  protection measures, reliability of certificates, eventual  p r e v i o u s   c a s e s  of 'exporting' disease(s), etc.)        ? 0.6

RESULT:

Risk probability grade of disease introduction  =  0.01680000 +- 0.00136613

         Estimated quantity of infected or contaminated products  to be probably introduced is about    571 MT

                                                 

5.3-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE AGENTS INTRODUCTION  II.

   This subprogramme calculates a rough probability of potential risk of   specific animal disease agents to be introduced into a territory (country,    province, region, ranch, etc.) from abroad. Selected simple criteria   of  a b i l i t y  grades (scale between >0 and 1) are used.   The input and result interpretation to be based upon theoretical knowledge

   and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.

   Note: Diseased animals = affected clinically, subclinically and carriers  of specific etiological agents. Animal products  = not sterilized raw animal products.

INPUT DATA:

     specific disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

     commodity to be imported - animals (a) or animal products (p) ? a

     species (category) ? cattle

     number of animals to be imported   ? 2350

     name of importing unit/territory   ? Province D.

     name of exporting unit/territory   ? Province N.

specific disease prevalence rate - true or estimated (>0 - 1)        ? 0.05

estimated grade of   a b i l i t y  to  d i s c o v e r   a l l specifically  i n f e c t e d  animals and  h e r d s (outbreaks) considering: sensitivity/specificity of diagnostic methods used,

population investigation grade, field and laboratory services capabilities, active field surveys, reporting/information systems, etc..                                                       ? 0.6

estimated grade of  a b i l i t y   to  a v o i d  specific disease propagation (avoiding  n e w   f o c i  - focal incidence) thanks to preventive/control field measures during previous critical period    ? 0.4

estimated grade of  a b i l i t y   to   a v o i d   d i s e a s e d  animal(s) to be  e x p o r t e d  (considering: pre-export animal selection, testing, treatment and control measures, reliability of certificates, eventual  p r e v i o u s   c a s e s  of exporting infected animal(s) or product(s), etc.)                              ? 0.7

RESULT:

Risk probability grade of disease introduction  =  0.00360000   +-  0.00242153

         Estimated number of infected animals   to be probably introduced is about    8

 

5.3-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE AGENTS INTRODUCTION II.

   This subprogramme calculates a rough probability of potential risk of    specific animal disease agents to be introduced into a territory (country,    province, region, ranch, etc.) from abroad. Selected simple criteria    of  a b i l i t y  grades (scale between >0 and 1) are used.    The input and result interpretation to be based upon theoretical knowledge

   and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.

   Note: Diseased animals = affected clinically, subclinically and carriers  of specific etiological agents. Animal products  = not sterilized raw animal products.

INPUT DATA:

     specific disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

     commodity to be imported - animals (a) or animal products (p) ? p

     type of animal product             ? meat                    measure units   ? MT

     quantity of product to be imported ? 15000

     name of importing unit/territory   ? Country F.

     name of exporting unit/territory   ? Country G.

specific disease prevalence rate - true or estimated (>0 - 1)        ? 0.04

estimated grade of  a b i l i t y   to   d i s c o v e r    a l l : specifically  i n f e c t e d  animals,  h e r d s  (outbreaks) and animal products containing specific disease etiological  a g e n t s  (considering: sensitivity/specificity of diagnostic methods used, grade of population/product investigation, field and laboratory services capabilities, reporting/information systems, etc.)          ? 0.5

estimated grade of  a b i l i t y  to   a v o i d   contamination of pathogen-free products by specific pathogens during processing, storing and transport          ? 0.4

estimated grade of  a b i l i t y  to  a v o i d   specific etiological agents to be exported by the particular commodity (considering: pre-export product selection, testing, treatment,

and protection measures, reliability of certificates, eventual p r e v i o u s  c a s e s  of 'exporting' the disease, etc.)        ? 0.7

RESULT:

Risk probability grade of disease introduction  =  0.00360000   +-  0.00095847

         Estimated quantity of affected products   to be probably introduced is about    54 MT

                                            

5.4-RISK COMPARISON OF DISEASE AGENTS INTRODUCTION FROM SEVERAL TERRITORIES

This subprogramme compares relative risks of specific disease agents to be introduced by import from territories  n o t   f r e e  of the disease.

   Criteria on disease and exporting territories situation:

a) grade of disease transmissibility - ability to be propagated

b) grade of disease occurrence - considering prevalence, incidence and spread

c) grade of  i n a b i l i t y  to  d i s c o v e r  all infected animals   and herds (due to insufficient: sensitivity of diagnostic methods used,    animal population investigation grade, field and laboratory services    capabilities, active field surveys, reporting/information systems,  etc.)

d) grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  a v o i d  disease propagation (new foci)    i.e. inability to protect specific disease free animals, herds and territory    (due to the lack of or insufficient preventive and control field measures)

e) grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  r e d u c e  disease  o c c u r r e n c e     (due to the lack or insufficient: reduction, elimination and/or eradication    field measures, sanitation actions, field and laboratory services, etc.)

f) grade of  i n e f f e c t i v e n e s s  of  pre-export  'f i l t e r'     (due to lack or insufficient: pre-export selection, treatment,    investigations and control measures, reliability of veterinary services and   their certificates), considering also eventual  p r e v i o u s  c a s e s    of 'exporting' infected animals or infected/contaminated commodities, etc.

INPUT DATA:

     disease ? foot-and-mouth disease

     importing territory, time ? Country C.,May 2001

     commodity ? beef

Key estimated criteria values on the disease and  exporting territories  using the  s c a l e  of the   g r a d e s   from 0 to 10 :

Territory  No. 1 : name:      ? Country A.

   grade of the disease transmissibility                           ? 10

   grade of the disease occurrence                                 ? 5

   grade of inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks      ? 3

   grade of inability to avoid new foci                            ? 5

   grade of inability to reduce the disease at the territory level ? 4

   grade of ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'                 ? 3

Territory  No. 2 : name :      ? Country Z.

   grade of the disease transmissibility                           ? 10

   grade of the disease occurrence                                 ? 1

   grade of inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks      ? 3

   grade of inability to avoid new foci                            ? 4

   grade of inability to reduce the disease at the territory level ? 2

   grade of ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'                 ? 1

     The values of importance multiplier coefficients   are fixed (default) as follows:

            a) disease transmissibility                          = 5

            b) disease occurrence                                = 25

            c) inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks = 8

            d) inability to avoid new foci of the disease        = 5

            e) inability to reduce occurrence of the disease     = 3

            f) ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'            = 10

     Do you accept this coefficients (y) or you will fixe others (o) ? o                      Define other values of importance multiplier coefficients :

            a) disease transmissibility                           ? 10

            b) disease occurrence                                 ? 30

            c) inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks  ? 15

            d) inability to avoid new foci of the disease         ? 20

            e) inability to reduce occurrence of the disease      ? 5

            f) ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'             ? 10

RESULT:

Exporting         Grade of Disease      Grade of  I n a b i l i t y   to

 Territory         -----------------------   ------------------------------------------    T O T A L

 (with disease     trans- occur-         disco-    avoid    reduce   avoid

 occurrence)       missi- rence            ver         new      occur-   agents      r i s k

                             bility                      disease    foci       rence   'export'     points

        ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Multiplier     * 10   * 30               * 15       * 20        * 5       * 10

 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Country A.           10         5                   3              5           4           3                 445

 Country Z.            10         1                   3              4           2           1                275

 

         Territory           Proportion          Percentage

                              of the total 720  allocated risk points

         Country A.           0.6181              61.8056

         Country Z.            0.3819              38.1944

         T o t a l                  1.0000             100.0000

 

5.5-RISK COMPARISON OF SEVERAL DISEASES AGENTS INTRODUCTION FROM ONE TERRITORY

This subprogramme compares relative risks of specific diseases agents to be introduced by import from one territory  n o t   f r e e  of these diseases.

   Criteria on diseases and exporting territory situation:

a) grade of disease transmissibility - ability to be propagated

b) grade of disease occurrence - considering prevalence, incidence and spread

c) grade of  i n a b i l i t y  to  d i s c o v e r  all infected animals and   herds (due to insufficient: sensitivity of diagnostic methods used,    animal population investigation grade, field and laboratory services  capabilities, active field surveys, reporting/information systems, etc.)

d) grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  a v o i d  disease propagation (new foci),   i.e. inability to protect specific disease free animals, herds and territory    (due to the lack of or insufficient preventive and control field measures)

e) grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  r e d u c e  disease  o c c u r r e n c e   (due to the lack or insufficient: reduction, elimination and/or eradication    measures, sanitation actions, field and laboratory services, etc.)

f) grade of  i n e f f e c t i v e n e s s  of pre-export  'f i l t e r'   (due to lack or insufficient: pre-export selection, treatment,    investigations and control measures, reliability of veterinary services and    their certificates), considering also eventual  p r e v i o u s   c a s e s   of 'exporting' infected animals or infected/contaminated commodities, etc.

INPUT DATA:

     exporting territory ? Country U.

     importing territory, time ? Country C.,May 2004

     commodity ? pregnant heifers

Key estimated criteria values on the diseases and  exporting territory  using the  s c a l e  of the  g r a d e s  from 0 to 10 :

Disease  No. 1 : name :                               ? bov.tuberculosis

   grade of the disease transmissibility                                         ? 5

   grade of the disease occurrence                                                ? 2

   grade of inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks     ? 6

   grade of inability to avoid new foci                                            ? 5

   grade of inability to reduce the disease at the territory level ? 3

   grade of ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'                             ? 2

Disease  No. 2 : name :                                 ? bov.brucellosis

   grade of the disease transmissibility                                          ? 6

   grade of the disease occurrence                                                 ? 0.5

   grade of inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks     ? 2

   grade of inability to avoid new foci                                            ? 1

   grade of inability to reduce the disease at the territory level ? 5

   grade of ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'                             ? 1

     The values of importance multiplier coefficients  are fixed (default) as follows:

            a) disease transmissibility                          = 5

            b) disease occurrence                                = 25

            c) inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks = 8

            d) inability to avoid new foci of the disease        = 5

            e) inability to reduce occurrence of the disease     = 3

            f) ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'            = 10

     Do you accept this coefficients (y) or you will fix others (o) ? o

     Define other values of importance multiplier coefficients (integers !):

            a) disease transmissibility                          ? 10

            b) disease occurrence                                  ? 30

            c) inability to discover all disease cases/outbreaks ? 40

            d) inability to avoid new foci of the disease        ? 20

            e) inability to reduce occurrence of the disease     ? 5

            f) ineffectiveness of pre-export 'filter'            ? 10

RESULT:

                         Grade   of               Grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to

                         -------------------       ------------------------------------------    T O T A L

 D i s e a s e     trans-   occur-        disco-     avoid    reduce   avoid

                          missi-   rence           ver          new     occur-    agents    r i s k

                          bility                     disease      foci      rence     'export'    points

        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Multiplier * 10       * 30          * 40          * 20        * 5         * 10

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 bov.tbc                5            2                6              5            3             2           485

 bov.brucellosis  6           0.5              2              1            5             1           210

 

         Disease                   Proportion              Percentage

                                   of the total 695  allocated risk points

         bov.tbc                     0.6978                    69.7842

         bov.brucellosis       0.3022                    30.2158

         T o t a l                     1.0000                  100.0000

 

5.6-ANIMAL POPULATION MOVEMENT AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

  This subprogramme calculates animal population movement in terms of:     1) combination of distance, time and velocity

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? antelopes,all

     territory, period ? Mongolia,IX/1963-VI/1964

     place(s) of origin, of destination ? Chinese border,Central Ajmak

     number of animals moved between origin and destination places ? 5000

     purpose: rearing (r), fattening (f)  or slaughter (s) or natural (n) ? n

     length measure units   ? km                  time measure units  ? days

Do not answer (skip) the question about the indicator to be calculated;  the other two numeric data must be available !

     velocity of the movement per one time measure unit         ?

     distance of the movement in length measure units           ? 360

     time of the movement in time measure units                 ? 300

RESULT:

      Estimated average velocity of animal movement per one time measure unit  =  1.20  km

 

5.6-ANIMAL POPULATION MOVEMENT AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

 This subprogramme calculates animal population movement in terms of:    2) indicators related to movement extent, dispersion and convergency

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? antelopes,all

     territory, period ? China-Mongolia,1963-1964

     place(s) of origin, of destination ? borders,Central Aymak

     number of animals moved between origin and destination places ? 5000

     purpose: rearing (r), fattening (f)  or slaughter (s) or natural (n) ? n

     distance, duration in days ? 360 km,300

     number of animals of the given species/category(ies) existing in place(s) of destination  in the period     ? 50000

     surface measure units (up to 6 characters !)               ? km2

     size of territory of animal origin in surface units        ? 30000

     size of territory of destination in surface units          ? 250000

     level (regional, national, international, etc.)   ? international

     form of movement (transport means, on foot, etc.) ? on foot

RESULT:

 Ratio introduced/total (introduced+local) animals           =     0.9091

 Ratio introduced/local animals        =  1 :  10.0000       =     0.1000

 Ratio local/introduced animals        =  1 :  0.1000        =    10.0000

 Ratio destination/origin territories' size                  =     8.3333

 Ratio origin/destination territories' size                  =     0.1200

 Average number of introduced animals per one day            =    16.6667

 

5.7-ANIMAL PRODUCTS TRANSFER AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

This subprogramme calculates indicators related to raw animal products transfer (distribution) extent, dispersion and convergency.

INPUT DATA:

     animal product, measure units ? beef,MT

     territory framework, period ? Country C.,2004

     place(s) of origin, of destination ? Region H.,Province T.

What is the purpose ? Further processing (f), distribution (d) consumption (c), export e) or import (i)  ? d

     amount of the product transferred between origin  and destination places in product measure units       ? 12000

     amount of the product produced locally  in destination places (territory)       ? 150000

     distance of transfer                                       ? 300-500 km

     time measure units, duration of transfer                   ? days,90

     numbers of places of origin, of destination                ? 30,400

     surface measure units                                      ? km2

     size of territory of product origin in surface units       ? 120

     size of territory of product destination in surface units  ? 4500

     level (regional, national, international,etc.)   ? national                   form of transport   ? camions

RESULT:

 Ratio introduced/total (introduced+local) products       =     0.9259

 Ratio introduced/local products       =  1 : 12.5000     =     0.0800

 Ratio local/introduced products       =  1 :  0.0800     =    12.5000

 Ratio destination/origin places (dispersion)             =    13.3333

 Ratio origin/destination places (convergency)            =     0.0750

 Ratio destination/origin territories' size               =    37.5000

 Ratio origin/destination territories' size               =     0.0267

 Average of introduced product per one destination place  =    30.0000 MT

 Average of introduced product per one time unit          =   133.3333 MT

 

5.8-CONCENTRATION OF ANIMALS AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

This subprogramme calculates simple indicators related to the concentration grade of animals on surface and in volume space of environment:

      1) concentration on known surface space

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, time ? Czech Republic,31.12.1994

     number of animals ? 2033963

     type of location [territory(ies), pasture(s), ranch(es),  farm(s), stable(s), shed(s), pen(s), box(es), etc.] ? farms

     identification (name) of location(s) ? cattle farms

     surface space measure unit (m2, ha, km2, shed, farm, etc.)   ? farm

     known space for all animals in surface measure units         ? 14800

RESULT:

     Average number of animals per one surface unit     =    137.4299

     Average surface space per one animal               =      0.0073 farm

 

5.8-CONCENTRATION OF ANIMALS AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

This subprogramme calculates simple indicators related to the concentration grade of animals on surface and in volume space of environment:

      1) concentration on known surface space

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,in feedlots

     place, time ? Farm T.,1.1.2004

     number of animals ? 2200

     type of location [territory(ies), pasture(s), ranch(es), farm(s), stable(s), shed(s), pen(s), box(es), etc.] ? pig-shed

     identification (name) of location(s) ? Block B.

     surface space measure unit (m2, ha, km2, shed, farm, etc.)   ? m2

     known space for all animals in surface measure units         ? 1500

Do you want to compare the result with the space standard, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

     standard (norm) value in space units                     ? 0.5

RESULT:

     Average number of animals per one surface unit     =      1.4667

     Average surface space per one animal               =      0.6818 m2

     Ratio standard to compared space per one animal    =  1 :    1.3636                                                

 

5.8-CONCENTRATION OF ANIMALS AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

This subprogramme calculates simple indicators related to the concentration grade of animals on surface and in volume space of environment:

      2) concentration on unknown surface space (to be calculated)

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, time ? Farm N.,1.1.2005

     number of animals ? 105

     type of location [territory(ies), pasture(s), ranch(es),  farm(s), stable(s), shed(s), pen(s), box(es), etc.] ? shed

     identification (name) of location(s) ? No.4

     surface space measure unit ? m2                                                  length measure unit (up to 6 characters)   ? m

     length of the space surface  ? 60                                                  width (span) of the space surface               ? 10

Do you want to compare the result with the space standard, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

     standard (norm) value in space units                     ? 4.85

RESULT:

     Average number of animals per one surface unit     =      0.1750

     Average surface space per one animal               =      5.7143 m2

     Ratio standard to compared space per one animal    =  1 :    1.1782

 

5.8-CONCENTRATION OF ANIMALS AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

This subprogramme calculates simple indicators related to the concentration grade of animals on surface and in volume space of environment:

       3) concentration in known volume space

 INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,in feedlot

     place, time ? Farm K.,1.1.2005

     number of animals ? 1200

     type of location (air space in stable, shed, box, etc or water environment in reservoir, etc.) ? pig shed

     identification (name) of location(s) ? Block 3

     volume space measure units   ? m3                           known volume space for the animals  ? 650

Do you want to compare the result with the space standard, yes(y) or no(n) ? n

RESULT:

     Average number of animals per one m3               =      1.8462

     Average volume space per one animal                =      0.5417 m3

 

5.8-CONCENTRATION OF ANIMALS AS POTENTIAL RISK OF DISEASE PROPAGATION

 This subprogramme calculates simple indicators related to the concentration grade of animals on surface and in volume space of environment:

      4) concentration in unknown volume space (to be calculated)

INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,feedlot

     place, time ? Farm L.,1.5.2004

     number of animals ? 2150

     type of location (air space in stable, shed, box, etc. or water environment in reservoir, etc.) ? feedlot shed

     identification (name) of location(s) ? Block 2

     volume space measure units   ? m3                               length measure units   ? m

     length, width (span) of the space                        ? 150,20

     hight of the space                                       ? 6

Do you want to compare the result with the space standard, yes(y) or no(n) ? y

     standard (norm) value in space units                     ? 5

RESULT:

     Average number of animals per one m3               =      0.1194

     Average volume space per one animal                =      8.3721 m3

     Ratio standard to compared space per one animal    =  1 :    1.6744

 

5.9-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE PROPAGATION

    This subprogramme calculates a rough risk probability of specific animal disease agents to be spread from existing foci creating new ones.     The input and result interpretation to be based  on theoretical knowledge and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.     A l l  questions about grades and rates (real, supposed or fictitious)

must be answered (scale between >0 and 1) !

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Region O.,2004

     disease? hog cholera                           species ? pigs

     definition of focal units ? farms        definition of foci ? affected farms

    True situation in the given territory/population:

  prevalence rate of specifically diseased animals                       ? 0.08

  incidence rate of specifically diseased animals                      ? 0.12

  prevalence rate of specific disease f o c i                          ? 0.2

  incidence rate of specific disease  f o c i                          ? 0.13

t e n d e n c y  of specific epizootic process  -   stagnating (s), increasing (i) or decreasing (d)        ? s

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  r e d u c e  the number  of foci due to the lack of effective: field reduction, elimination, and/or eradication measures, sanitation actions, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.                                        ? 0.7

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  p r o t e c t  disease free part of population (n e w   f o c i)  due to lack of effective: protection measures against the contacts with intrafocal animals and their products or with other etiological agents' sources (vectors, wild animals-reservoirs, etc.), population specific resistance (vaccination), diagnostic methods, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.   ? 0.5

RESULT:

         Risk probability grade of disease propagation can be estimated   to be about   0.54400718   i.e. about   54.4007  %

 

5.9-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE PROPAGATION

    This subprogramme calculates a rough risk probability of specific animal disease agents to be spread from existing foci creating new ones.     The input and result interpretation to be based  on theoretical knowledge and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.     A l l  questions about grades and rates (real, supposed or fictitious)

must be answered (scale between >0 and 1) !

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Region O.,2004

     disease? hog cholera                        species ? pigs

     definition of focal units ? farms      definition of foci ? affected farms

    True situation in the given territory/population:

  prevalence rate of specifically diseased animals                       ? 0.08

  incidence rate of specifically diseased animals                      ? 0.12

  prevalence rate of specific disease f o c i                          ? 0.2

  incidence rate of specific disease  f o c i                          ? 0.13

t e n d e n c y  of specific epizootic process  -   stagnating (s), increasing (i) or decreasing (d)        ? d

- estimated increasing or decreasing  g r a d e  considering the characteristics of specific disease process (interaction of population-pathogens-environment, development stage), role of influencing factors, p r e v i o u s  propagation intensity etc.  ? 0.4

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  r e d u c e  the number of foci due to the lack of effective: field reduction, elimination, and/or eradication measures, sanitation actions, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.                                        ? 0.7

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  p r o t e c t  disease free part of population (n e w   f o c i)  due to lack of effective: protection measures against the contacts with intrafocal animals and their products or with other etiological agents' sources (vectors, wild animals-reservoirs, etc.), population specific resistance (vaccination), diagnostic methods, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.   ? 0.5

RESULT:

         Risk probability grade of disease propagation can be estimated  to be about   0.43542346   i.e. about   43.5423  %

 

5.9-RISK PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASE PROPAGATION

    This subprogramme calculates a rough risk probability of specific animal disease agents to be spread from existing foci creating new ones.   The input and result interpretation to be based  on theoretical knowledge and practical experience and must be epizootiologically meaningful.     A l l  questions about grades and rates (real, supposed or fictitious)

must be answered (scale between >0 and 1) !

INPUT DATA:

     place, time ? Region O.,2004

     disease? hog cholera                        species ? pigs

     definition of focal units ? farms      definition of foci ? affected farms

    True situation in the given territory/population:

  prevalence rate of specifically diseased animals                       ? 0.08

  incidence rate of specifically diseased animals                      ? 0.12

  prevalence rate of specific disease f o c i                          ? 0.2

  incidence rate of specific disease  f o c i                          ? 0.13

t e n d e n c y  of specific epizootic process   -   stagnating (s), increasing (i) or decreasing (d)        ? i

- estimated increasing or decreasing  g r a d e  considering the characteristics of specific disease process (interaction of population-pathogens-environment, development stage), role of influencing factors, p r e v i o u s  propagation intensity etc.  ? 0.6

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  r e d u c e  the number of foci due to the lack of effective: field reduction, elimination, and/or eradication measures, sanitation actions, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.                                        ? 0.7

- estimated grade of  i n a b i l i t y   to  p r o t e c t  disease free part of population (n e w   f o c i)  due to lack of effective: protection measures against the contacts with intrafocal animals and their products or with other etiological agents' sources (vectors, wild animals-reservoirs, etc.), population specific resistance (vaccination), diagnostic methods, veterinary field and laboratory services, etc.   ? 0.5  

RESULT:

      Risk probability grade of disease propagation can be estimated   to be about   0.87084693  i.e. about   87.0847  %

 

5.10-PER CAPITA FOOD CONSUMPTION AS POTENTIAL RISK OF FOOD-BORN DISEASES

This subprogramme calculates average consumption per one person according to:  1) food

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1984

     total number of persons ? 10330000

 List of data - names, units, quantity in measure units:

 1 : food, measure units, quantity ? total meat,kg,916270968

 2 : food, measure units, quantity ? beef,kg,303701996

 3 : food, measure units, quantity ? veal,kg,8264005

 4 : food, measure units, quantity ? pork,kg,443157016

 5 : food, measure units, quantity ? poultry,kg,110530998

 6 : food, measure units, quantity ? milk,liters,1060890968

 7 : food, measure units, quantity ? eggs,pieces,3419230000

RESULT:

     Food               Measure        Quantity            Average

                                Units                                     per Capita

     total meat           kg             916270968             88.7000

     beef                    kg             303701996             29.4000

     veal                     kg                8264005                0.8000

     pork                    kg             443157016             42.9000

     poultry               kg             110530998             10.7000

     milk                  liters          1060890968           102.7000

     eggs               pieces         3419230000           331.0000

 

5.10-PER CAPITA FOOD CONSUMPTION AS POTENTIAL RISK OF FOOD-BORN DISEASES

This subprogramme calculates average consumption per one person according to: 2) place

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czechoslovakia,1985

     food ? meat                            food measure units ? kg

 List of data - names; quantity in measure units:

 1 : place, persons, food quantity ? Czech Rep.,10343398,923665441

 2 : place, persons, food quantity ? Slovak Rep.,5177441,409535583

RESULT:

 Place                   Persons      Quantity          Average         Grand   T o t a l

                                                 of Food           per Capita        Proportion      %

 Czech Rep.        10343398     923665441         89.3000            0.6928     69.2818

 Slovak Rep.       5177441      409535583         79.1000             0.3072     30.7182

 T o t a l             15520839     1333201024        85.8975             1.0000   100.0000

                                           

5.10-PER CAPITA FOOD CONSUMPTION AS POTENTIAL RISK OF FOOD-BORN DISEASES

This subprogramme calculates average consumption per one person according to:  3) time

INPUT DATA:

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1983-1985

     food ? meat total                       food measure units ? kg

 List of data - names; quantity in measure units:

 1 : subperiod, persons, food quantity ? 1983,10326526,907701635

 2 : subperiod, persons, food quantity ? 1984,10333900,916616930

 3 : subperiod, persons, food quantity ? 1985,10343398,923665441

RESULT:

 Superiod          Persons       Quantity         Average        Grand   T o t a l

                                                 of Food          per Capita      Proportion       %

 1983                 10326526       907701635         87.9000        0.3303    33.0315

 1984                 10333900       916616930         88.7000        0.3336    33.3560

 1985                 10343398       923665441         89.3000        0.3361    33.6125

 T o t a l            31003824     2747984006         88.6337       1.0000   100.0000

 

 

      6-CONSEQUENCES OF ANIMAL POPULATION HEALTH AND DISEASE

      ==========================================================

 

         1-Animal health benefit and disease losses in production

         2-Public health consequences of diseases common to animals and man

         3-Losses due to specific disease according to average parameters

         4-Losses due to death and condemnation of animal carcasses

         5-Losses due to diseased animals' utility reduction

         6-Losses due to diseased animals' reproduction deterioration

         7-Inputs benefit/losses in healthy/diseased animals

         8-Summary tables of losses due to animal population diseases

         9-Cost of population health mass actions

         10-Economic losses due to population health/disease measures' costs

         11-Blanc summary tables of animal population disease consequences

 

 

6.1-ANIMAL HEALTH BENEFIT AND DISEASE LOSSES IN PRODUCTION

This programme calculates the benefit/losses in animal population production:  1) using method I. (based on average numbers of production   units per healthy and diseased animals and average   number of healthy and diseased animals)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? chronic respiratory complex

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,sow

     place, period ? Farm J.,1992

     production indicator               ? weaned piglets per sow

     production indicator measure units ? weaned piglets

     monetary units                     ? Czech crowns

     average price of one production measure unit                ? 330

     average number of production units per one healthy animal   ? 16.6

     average number of production units per one diseased animal  ? 5

     average number of healthy animals   ? 30                  average number of diseased animals    ? 50

RESULT:

     Estimated production benefit of animal disease free status  =  348   production units  of value  =  114840 Czech crowns

     Estimated production losses due to animal disease(s)  =  580   production units  of value  =  191400 Czech crowns

                                                 

6.1-ANIMAL HEALTH BENEFIT AND DISEASE LOSSES IN PRODUCTION

This programme calculates the benefit/losses in animal population production:   2) using method II. (based on average number of production   units per animal, per healthy animal and per diseased  animal and average number of all animals)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? chronic respiratory complex

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,56-154 days age

     place, period ? Farm N.,1998

     production indicator               ? weight gain

     production indicator measure units ? kg                         monetary units ? dollars

     average price of one production measure unit                ? 3.2

     average number of production units per one animal           ? 0.72

     average number of production units per one diseased animal  ? 0.64

     average number of production units per one healthy animal   ? 0.86

     average number of animals of a given population             ? 800

RESULT:

     Estimated production benefit of animal disease free status  =  64   production units  of value  =  204 dollars

     Estimated production losses due to animal disease(s)  =  111   production units  of value  =  358 dollars

 

6.2-PUBLIC HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF DISEASES COMMON TO ANIMALS AND MAN

This subprogramme includes only consequences which can be quantified in monetary terms. Deaths, suffering, shortening of human life and production life, invalidity , psychological, etc. consequences cannot be included.

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? brucellosis

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     monetary units  ? Kcs

  1. value of preventive investigations                       ? 3000000

  2. value of diseased persons' investigations                ? 1500000

  3. value of specific vaccinations                           ? 60000

  4. value of preventive treatments                           ? 640000

  5. value of curative treatments                             ? 2800000

  6. value of sanitation actions                              ? 35000

  7. value of hospitalization (except costs mentioned above)  ? 3600000

  8. loss due to working incapacity                           ? 2000000

  9. cost of specific control measures                        ? 26000000

  10. value of compensations and subsidies                    ? 3500000

  11. cost of public health services                          ? 1500000

  12. cost of public health extension work                    ? 640000

  13. cost of specific research and training                  ? 700000

  14. loss due to epidemiolog. limitations and prohibitions   ? 1450000

  15. other costs related to disease(s) and epi. measures     ? 5800000

RESULT:

  L o s s / C o s t   T y p e                   Kcs            Proportion  Percentage

  1.Preventive investigations         3000000           0.0564        5.6364

  2.Dis.persons' investigations      1500000           0.0282        2.8182

  3.Vaccinations                                   60000           0.0011         0.1127

  4.Preventive treatments                 640000           0.0120         1.2024

  5.Curative treatments                   2800000           0.0526         5.2607

  6.Sanitation                                       35000            0.0007         0.0658

  7.Hospitalization                           3600000           0.0676         6.7637

  8.Working incapacity                   2000000           0.0376         3.7576

  9.Control measures                     26000000           0.4885       48.8492

 10.Compensation/subsidies         3500000           0.0658         6.5759

 11.Public health services              1500000           0.0282         2.8182

 12.Public health extension             640000            0.0120         1.2024

 13.Research and training                700000            0.0132        1.3152

 14.Epid.limitation/prohibition      1450000            0.0272         2.7243

 15.Others                                        5800000            0.1090        10.8971

    T o t a l                                       53225000            1.0000      100.0000                                                  

 

6.3-LOSSES DUE TO SPECIFIC DISEASE ACCORDING TO AVERAGE PARAMETERS

(Included quantifiable losses only)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     lost product, product measure units ? meat,kg

     monetary units ? Kcs

     Do you have absolute (a) or relative (r) data on diseased animals occurrence ? a

     number of specifically diseased animals                      ? 634402

     average (estimated, standardized) percentage  of specific fatality          ? 3

     average (estimated, standardized) loss in products of one specifically diseased animal in product measure units     ? 50

     average (estimated, standardized) loss in weight of one  specifically diseased animal in kg                        ? 40

     average price of one animal of the same species/category     ? 5000

     average price of one unit of the given product               ? 30

     average price of one kg of animal weight                     ? 15

RESULT:

        Number of specifically diseased animals:  634402

        Estimated number of deaths =  19032  animals   of value  =    95160302 Kcs

        Estimated loss of  30768496 kg of meat of value  =    923054909 Kcs

        Estimated loss of weight =  24614797  kg  of value  =    369221963 Kcs

                 T o t a l  estimated loss    =    1387437175 Kcs

 

6.3-LOSSES DUE TO SPECIFIC DISEASE ACCORDING TO AVERAGE PARAMETERS

(Included quantifiable losses only)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? bovine tuberculosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1960

     lost product, product measure units ? meat,kg

     monetary units ? Kcs

     Do you have absolute (a) or relative (r) data on diseased animals occurrence ? r

     number of animals existing in the given period               ? 3008132

     percentage of specifically diseased animals                  ? 21.09

     average (estimated, standardized) percentage  of specific fatality          ? 3

     average (estimated, standardized) loss in products of one  specifically diseased animal in product measure units     ? 50

     average (estimated, standardized) loss in weight of one  specifically diseased animal in kg                        ? 40

     average price of one animal of the same species/category     ? 5000

     average price of one unit of the given product               ? 30

     average price of one kg of animal weight                     ? 15

 

RESULT:

        Number of specifically diseased animals:  634415

        Estimated number of deaths =  19032  animals  of value  =    95162255 Kcs

        Estimated loss of  30769130 kg of meat  of value  =    923073916 Kcs

        Estimated loss of weight =  24615304  kg of value  =    369229566 Kcs

                 T o t a l  estimated loss    =    1387465739 Kcs

 

6.4-LOSSES DUE TO DEATH AND CONDEMNATION OF ANIMAL CARCASSES

This subprogramme calculates losses:   1) in block

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? outbreak in Czech Republic,1958

     average live weight of animals in kg        ? 400

     monetary units    ? Kcs                      average price of one kg of live weight   ? 22

     number of naturally dead diseased animals               ? 43

     number of destroyed diseased and suspect animals        ? 143

     number of condemned carcasses  of slaughtered diseased animals  ? 2

RESULT:

    Lo s s Type         Number of    Weight       Value in    Proportion

                                    animals         in kg             Kcs

    Naturally dead          43              17200          378400       0.2287

    Destroyed               143              57200        1258400       0.7606

    Condemned                2                  800            17600        0.0106

    T o t a l                    188              75200        1654400        1.0000

                                    

6.4-LOSSES DUE TO DEATH AND CONDEMNATION OF ANIMAL CARCASSES

This subprogramme calculates losses:   2) according to place

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? general

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,calves

     place, period ? Czech Republic (soc.sector),1982

     average live weight of animals in kg        ? 50

     monetary units    ? Kcs                    average price of one kg of live weight      ? 20

  List subterritory or subperiod names (up to 15 characters), numbers of dead,  sanitary destroyed, condemned diseased animals' carcasses:

 1 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? Prague,649,0,1004

 2 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? Central Bohemia,10438,0,3580

 3 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? South Bohemia,8090,0,3055

 4 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? West Bohemia,6636,0,2944

 5 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? North Bohemia,4158,0,1365

 6 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? East Bohemia,10262,0,4912

 7 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? South Moravia,11814,0,5669

 8 subter., dead, destroyed, condemned ? North Moravia,6536,0,1971    

RESULT:

  Subterritory            Dead      Dest-       Con-       Total       Weight      Value in

                                 Animals   royed    demned   Number      in kg           Kcs

  Prague                        649         0             1004        1653         82650       1653000

  Central Bohemia   10438         0             3580       14018      700900     14018000

  South Bohemia       8090         0             3055       11145      557250     11145000

  West Bohemia        6636         0             2944         9580      479000       9580000

  North Bohemia       4158         0             1365         5523       276150      5523000

  East Bohemia        10262         0             4912       15174       758700    15174000

  South Moravia      11814        0             5669       17483       874150     17483000

  North Moravia        6536        0             1971          8507       425350      8507000

  T o t a l                   58583        0           24500        83083     415415      83083000

 

       Subterritory                L o s t    v a l u e s    in

                                              ---------------------------

                                         Proportion        Percentage

       Prague                         0.0199              1.9896

       Central Bohemia        0.1687             16.8723

       South Bohemia          0.1341             13.4143

       West Bohemia           0.1153             11.5306

       North Bohemia          0.0665               6.6476

       East Bohemia             0.1826             18.2637

       South Moravia          0.2104             21.0428

       North Moravia          0.1024             10.2392

       T o t a l                       1.0000           100.0000

 

6.4-LOSSES DUE TO DEATH AND CONDEMNATION OF ANIMAL CARCASSES

This subprogramme calculates losses:  3) according to time

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? general

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,calves

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1986-1989

     average live weight of animals in kg        ? 50

     monetary units (up to 10 characters !)      ? Kcs                    average price of one kg of live weight   ? 20

  List subterritory or subperiod names, numbers of dead, sanitary destroyed, condemned diseased animals' carcasses:

 1 subperiod, dead, destroyed, condemned ? 1986,35145,0,20394

 2 subperiod, dead, destroyed, condemned ? 1987,36342,0,20364

 3 subperiod, dead, destroyed, condemned ? 1988,35108,0,20515

 4 subperiod, dead, destroyed, condemned ? 1989,37303,0,25508

RESULT:

S u b p e r i o d   Dead     Dest-  Con-             Total        Weight      Value in

                        Animals    royed  demned      Number       in kg            Kcs

  1986                 35145         0        20394           55539      2776950     55539000

  1987                 36342         0        20364           56706      2835300     56706000

  1988                 35108         0        20515           55623      2781150     55623000

  1989                 37303         0        25508           62811      3140550     62811000

  T o t a l         143898          0        86781         230679     11533950   230679000

 

       S u b p e r i o d     L o s t    v a l u e s    in

                             ----------------------------

                             Proportion        Percentage

       1986                   0.2408             24.0763

       1987                   0.2458             24.5822

       1988                   0.2411             24.1127

       1989                   0.2723             27.2287

       T o t a l             1.0000            100.0000

                           

6.5-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' UTILITY REDUCTION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

 Indicators' examples:

  - period for reaching production/reproduction maturity; body weight gain or   loss, offtake (sales, slaughter, culling), yields (meat, milk, eggs, wool,  honey etc.);

  - production per animal, per monetary unit, per feed unit, per manpower  unit, per space unit (m2,ha,km2,etc.), per time unit, per other input unit;

 - analogical inputs per one production unit;

  - culled animals, weight at a given age, stage of fattening, age/duration  of breeding/fattening to achieve a given body weight;

  - qualitatively classified products (biological or sanitary quality), etc.;

  - ability to work, to provide other required performance;

  - herd composition related to animal utility, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:  1) One indicator in one place (population)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,milking cows

     place, period ? foci in Czech Republic,1957

     monetary units  ? Kcs

     selected animal utility indicator? milk loss

     selected indicator measure units                  ? liters

     price of one unit of selected indicator           ? 2.5

     number of diseased animals                        ? 1925

     average value of selected indicator  in measure units

                                  in healthy animals   ? 0

                                  in diseased animals  ? 59.6

RESULT:

     Difference of average values of milk loss  between healthy and diseased animals  =    59.60 liters

            T o t a l   estimated loss  =  114730 liters of value   =  286825 Kcs

                                                 

6.5-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' UTILITY REDUCTION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:

  - period for reaching production/reproduction maturity; body weight gain or  loss, offtake (sales, slaughter, culling), yields (meat, milk, eggs, wool,   honey etc.);

  - production per animal, per monetary unit, per feed unit, per manpower   unit, per space unit (m2,ha,km2,etc.), per time unit, per other input unit;

  - analogical inputs per one production unit;

  - culled animals, weight at a given age, stage of fattening, age/duration   of breeding/fattening to achieve a given body weight;

  - qualitatively classified products (biological or sanitary quality), etc.;

  - ability to work, to provide other required performance;

  - herd composition related to animal utility, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:      2) One indicator in more than one place (population)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? chronic respiratory disease

     species, category(ies) ? pigs,piglets

     place, period ? Farm J.,1960

     monetary units  ? Kcs

     selected animal utility indicator? weight at 56 days age

     selected indicator measure units                  ? kg

     price of one unit of selected indicator           ? 25

  List data in following sequence:  subterritory, number of diseased animals,  average value of selected indicator (in measure units)  in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

      1  ? Unit A.,30,15.2,11

      2  ? Unit B.,45,13.7,10.

RESULT:

  Subterritory     Diseased    Average   Average       Total       Value of

                            Animals      Value in    Value in        Diffe-       Loss in

                             Number      Healthy    Diseased      rence          Kcs

  Unit A.                  30             15.20           11.00            126           3150

  Unit B.                   45             13.70          10.50             144           3600

    T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  6750 Kcs

 

6.5-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' UTILITY REDUCTION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:

  - period for reaching production/reproduction maturity; body weight gain or   loss, offtake (sales, slaughter, culling), yields (meat, milk, eggs, wool,     honey etc.);

  - production per animal, per monetary unit, per feed unit, per manpower   unit, per space unit (m2,ha,km2,etc.), per time unit, per other input unit;

  - analogical inputs per one production unit;

  - culled animals, weight at a given age, stage of fattening, age/duration   of breeding/fattening to achieve a given body weight;

  - qualitatively classified products (biological or sanitary quality), etc.;

  - ability to work, to provide other required performance;

  - herd composition related to animal utility, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:     3) More indicators in one place (population)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,milking cows

     place, period ? Province V.,1972

     monetary units  ? dollars

     number of diseased animals ? 3502

List data in following sequence: selected indicator, measure units,  price, average value of selected indicator in measure units   in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

      1  ? body weight,kg,4,450,400

      2  ? milk yied,liters,1,5400,4600

      3  ? milk condemned,liters,1,0,21.5

RESULT:

Indicator             Units      Price          I  n  d  i  c  a  t  o  r               Total      Value of

                                             per        Average in  Average in           Diffe-       Loss in

                                            Unit       Healthy          Diseased            rence       dollars

 

body weight         kg          4.00       450.00            400.00                175100    700400

milk yied               liters      1.00     5400.00          4600.00              2801600   2801600

milk condemn      liters      1.00           0.00               21.50                   75293     75293

    T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  3577293 dollars

 

6.5-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' UTILITY REDUCTION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:

  - period for reaching production/reproduction maturity; body weight gain or   loss, offtake (sales, slaughter, culling), yields (meat, milk, eggs, wool,    honey etc.);

  - production per animal, per monetary unit, per feed unit, per manpower  unit, per space unit (m2,ha,km2,etc.), per time unit, per other input unit;

  - analogical inputs per one production unit;

  - culled animals, weight at a given age, stage of fattening, age/duration of breeding/fattening to achieve a given body weight;

  - qualitatively classified products (biological or sanitary quality), etc.;

  - ability to work, to provide other required performance;

  - herd composition related to animal utility, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:  4) One indicator in more than one subperiod

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? foot-and-mouth disease

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,all

     place, period ? Region N.,1990

     monetary units ? dollars

     selected animal utility indicator? milk loss                              selected indicator measure units ? liters

     price of one unit of selected indicator           ? 0.85

  List data in following sequence:

  subperiod name, number of diseased animals, average value of selected indicator (in measure units)  in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

      1  ? May 1990,100,0,30

      2  ? June 1990,200,0,20

      3  ? July 1990,150,0,15

      4  ? August 1990,100,0,17

      5  ? Sept.1990,450,0,23

      6  ? Oct.1990,300,0,20

RESULT:

  Subperiod        Diseased    Average    Average     Total       Value of

                            Animals     Value in     Value in       Diffe-      Loss in

                            Number      Healthy    Diseased     rence       dollars

  May 1990            100             0.00           30.00           3000        2550

  June 1990            200             0.00           20.00           4000        3400

  July 1990             150             0.00           15.00           2250        1913

  August 1990       100             0.00           17.00           1700        1445

  Sept.1990            450             0.00           23.00          10350       8798

  Oct.1990              300             0.00           20.00           6000        5100

    T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  23206 dollars

 

6.6-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' REPRODUCTION DETERIORATION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:  number of new born animals,  new born or weaned per mother,  per a given period, per a given space;  number of offsprings per parturition;  fertility rate, pregnancy rate, birth rate, parturition rate, weaning rate;  non-pregnancy rate, service period, parturition interval;  replacement rate, age at sexual maturity, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:      1) One indicator in one place (population)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? sterility

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1971

     monetary units  ? Kcs

     selected indicator of animal reproduction    ? calves per cow

     selected indicator measure units             ? calves

     price of one unit of selected indicator      ? 2000

     number of diseased animals                   ? 194084

     average value of selected indicator in measure units in healthy animals  ? 1

RESULT:

       Difference of average values of calves per cow between healthy and diseased animals   =    1.00 calves

                T o t a l  estimated  loss  =  194084 calves  of value =  388168000 Kcs

 

6.6-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' REPRODUCTION DETERIORATION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:  number of new born animals,  new born or weaned per mother,  per a given period, per a given space;  number of offsprings per parturition;  fertility rate, pregnancy rate, birth rate, parturition rate, weaning rate;  non-pregnancy rate, service period, parturition interval;  replacement rate, age at sexual maturity, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:     2) One indicator in more than one place (population)

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? vibriosis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, period ? Ranch U.,2002

     monetary units  ? dollars

     selected indicator of animal reproduction    ? service period

     selected indicator measure units             ? days

     price of one unit of selected indicator      ? 13

  List data in following sequence:  place name, number of diseased animals,  average value of selected indicator (in measure units)  in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

     1  ? Farm T.,8,58,89

     2  ? Farm R.,67,64,98

     3  ? Fram F.,20,65,87

     4  ? Farm K.,45,59,86    

RESULT:

  Place            Diseased       I n d i c a t o r        Total      Value of

                        Animals          Average  in          Diffe-     Loss in

                        Number     Healthy   Diseased   rence      dollars

Farm T.                8            58.00        89.00            248         3224

Farm R.              67            64.00        98.00          2278       29614

Fram F.              20            65.00        87.00            440         5720

Farm K.             45            59.00        86.00           1215       15795

              T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  54353 dollars

 

6.6-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' REPRODUCTION DETERIORATION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:  number of new born animals,  new born or weaned per mother,  per a given period, per a given space;  number of offsprings per parturition;  fertility rate, pregnancy rate, birth rate, parturition rate, weaning rate;  non-pregnancy rate, service period, parturition interval;  replacement rate, age at sexual maturity, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:     3) More indicators in one place (population)

 INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? trichomoniasis

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, period ? Ranch E.,1974

     monetary units ? dollars

     number of diseased animals ? 250

List data in following sequence:  selected indicator, measure units,  price, average value of selected indicator (in measure units)  in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

     1  ? service per.,days,10,60,90

     2  ? calves/cow,calves,1000,0.9,0.7

RESULT:

Indicator         Units        Price           I  n  d  i  c  a  t  o  r             Total     Value of

                                            per        Average in  Average in         Diffe-    Loss in

                                          Unit        Healthy        Diseased            rence     dollars

service per.      days        10.00        60.00             90.00                  7500      75000

calves/cow     calves   1000.00         0.90               0.70                     50        50000

              T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  125000 dollars

 

6.6-LOSSES DUE TO DISEASED ANIMALS' REPRODUCTION DETERIORATION

(in terms of selected quantitative or qualitative indicators)

Indicators' examples:  number of new born animals,  new born or weaned per mother,  per a given period, per a given space;  number of offsprings per parturition;  fertility rate, pregnancy rate, birth rate, parturition rate, weaning rate;  non-pregnancy rate, service period, parturition interval;  replacement rate, age at sexual maturity, etc.

     This subprogramme calculates:    4) One indicator in more than one subperiod

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? sterility

     species, category(ies) ? cattle,cows

     place, period ? Czech Republic,1971-1975

     monetary units  ? Kcs

     selected indicator of animal reproduction    ? unborn calves per 100 cows

     selected indicator measure units             ? unborn calves

     price of one unit of selected indicator      ? 2000

  List data in following sequence:  subperiod name, number of diseased animals, average value of selected indicator (in measure units)  in healthy animals, in diseased animals:

     1  ? 1971,10,0,1

     2  ? 1972,9,0,1

     3  ? 1973,8,0,1

     4  ? 1974,7,0,1

     5  ? 1975,6,0,1

RESULT:

  Subperiod        Diseased      I n d i c a t o r            Total      Value of

                             Animals       Average  in               Diffe-     Loss in

                             Number     Healthy   Diseased     rence      Kcs

1971                          10             0.00        1.00               10          20000

1972                            9             0.00        1.00                 9          18000

1973                            8             0.00        1.00                 8          16000

1974                            7             0.00        1.00                 7          14000

1975                            6             0.00        1.00                 6          12000

              T o t a l  value of estimated loss =  80000 Kcs   per 100 cows

 

6.7-INPUTS BENEFIT/LOSSES IN HEALTHY/DISEASED ANIMALS

 This programme calculates inputs' benefit/losses  1) using method I. (based on average number of healthy and diseased  animals and average inputs in healthy and diseased animals)

INPUT DATA:

  disease(s) ? mastitis

  species, category(ies) ? cattle,milking cows

  place, period ? Ranch S.,2002

  production input indicator ? antibiotics                    input indicator measure units ? grammes

  monetary units        ? dollars                                       price of one measure unit of input indicator       ? 5.45

  average production input (in indicator measure units) a) per one healthy animal     ? 0

                                                                                                 b) per one diseased animal    ? 62

  average number of healthy animals in the population     ? 345

  average number of diseased animals in the population    ? 162

RESULT:

      Estimated benefit due to minor inputs in 345  healthy animals =  21390 grammes of antibiotics  of value  =   116575 dollars

      Estimated loss due to major inputs in 162  diseased animals   =  10044 grammes of antibiotics  of value  =   54739 dollars

                                                

6.7-INPUTS BENEFIT/LOSSES IN HEALTHY/DISEASED ANIMALS

 This programme calculates inputs' benefit/losses    2) using method II. (based on number of diseased animals  and average inputs in healthy and diseased animals)

INPUT DATA:

  disease(s) ? mastitis

  species, category(ies) ? cattle,milking cows

  place, period ? Ranch R.,2003

  production input indicator ? antibiotics                      input indicator measure units  ? grammes

  monetary units    ? dollars                                              price of one measure unit of input indicator     ? 5.45

  total number of diseased animals                        ? 162

  average production input (in indicator measure units)  per one healthy animal  ? 0

                                                                                                  per one diseased animal  ? 62

RESULT:

    Average difference of antibiotics values  between healthy and diseased animals =     62.0000  grammes   =    337.90 dollars

         Estimated total loss = 10044 grammes  of value  =   54739 dollars   

 

6.7-INPUTS BENEFIT/LOSSES IN HEALTHY/DISEASED ANIMALS

 This programme calculates inputs' benefit/losses   3) using method III. (based on average number of all animals and  average inputs in all, healthy and diseased animals)

INPUT DATA:

  disease(s) ? general

  species, category(ies) ? pigs,10-100 kg weight

  place, period ? Czech republic,1985 (one day)

  production input indicator ? concentrated feedstuff consumption por 1 kg gain

  input indicator measure units  ? kg                             monetary units  ? Kcs

  price of one measure unit of input indicator            ? 6

  average production input (in indicator measure units):  per one animal in the given population  ? 3.52

                                                                                                   per one diseased animal  ? 4.1

                                                                                                   per one healthy animal  ? 3.3

  average total number of animals of the given population ? 3039000

RESULT:

   Estimated benefit due to minor inputs in production by healthy animals =  1762619 kg of concentrated feedstuff consumption por 1 kg gain  of value  =  10575718 Kcs

   Estimated loss due to major inputs in production by diseased animals =  668580 kg of concentrated feedstuff consumption por 1 kg gain  of value  =  4011480 Kcs

                                             

6.8-SUMMARY TABLES OF LOSSES DUE TO ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASES

 This subprogramme calculates summary tables on:    1) losses according to animal diseases

    INPUT DATA:

     species, category(ies) ? domestic animals,all

     place, period ? Spain,1980

     type of losses ? overall

     measure units  ? 1000 pesetas

     List data, values in measure units:

     1   disease, losses value ? bovine tbc,3734

     2   disease, losses value ? brucellosis,10658

     3   disease, losses value ? bov.mastitis,18390

     4   disease, losses value ? ov/cap agalact.,3520

     5   disease, losses value ? Afr.swine fever,1996

     6   disease, losses value ? swine enz.pneum.,2875

     7   disease, losses value ? pneumoenter.bov.,2763

     8   disease, losses value ? dif.parasitosis,27465

RESULT:

     Disease(s)              L o s s e s        Proportion   Percentage

                                       Value in

                                    1000 peseta

     bovine tbc                3734.00               0.0523         5.2296

     brucellosis             1 0658.00               0.1493       14.9270

     bov.mastiti              18390.00               0.2576       25.7559

     ov/cap agalact         3520.00               0.0493         4.9299

     Afr.swine fever        1996.00               0.0280         2.7955

     swine enz.pneum.    2875.00               0.0403         4.0266

     pneumoenter.bov.  2763.00                0.0387         3.8697

     dif.parasitosis        27465.00               0.3847       38.4658

     T o t a l                   71401.00               1.0000      100.0000

 

6.8-SUMMARY TABLES OF LOSSES DUE TO ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASES

 This subprogramme calculates summary tables on:  2) losses according to animal species

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? general

     place, period ? the whole world,1980

     type of losses ? mortality due to diseases

     measure units ? metric tons

     List data, values in measure units:

     1   species, losses value ? cattle,12736000

     2   species, losses value ? pigs,8960000

     3   species, losses value ? sheep,1500000

     4   species, losses value ? goats,516000

RESULT:

     Species                 L o s s e s      Proportion   Percentage

                                    Value in

                                  metric tons

     cattle                  12736000.00      0.5371       53.7112

     pigs                      8960000.00      0.3779       37.7868

     sheep                   1500000.00      0.0633         6.3259

     goats                     516000.00       0.0218         2.1761

     T o t a                23712000.00      1.0000      100.0000

 

6.8-SUMMARY TABLES OF LOSSES DUE TO ANIMAL POPULATION DISEASES

 This subprogramme calculates summary tables on:   3) losses according to place

INPUT DATA:

     disease(s) ? general mortality